To query the universality of affective disorder markers, particularly the level of consistency between DSM diagnostic criteria and the criteria implicit in popular diagnoses.
Method
Utilization of data from the Santé Québec (1987) survey to compare depression markers reported by respondents who identified themselves or were identified by a member of their household as “suffering from depression” and markers underlying DSM-III diagnostic criteria.
Results
A popular diagnosis of depression is implicitly different from a psychiatric diagnosis considering an inter-diagnosis similarity of 9.5%.
Conclusion
It is therefore important to become more knowledgeable about the markers underlying diagnosis of affective disorders.
References
1.
BradburnN.M.The structure of psychological well-being.Chicago: Aldine Pub Co;1969.
2.
McMillanA.M.The health opinion survey: technique for estimating prevalence of psychoneurotic and related types of disorder in communities.Psychol Rep1957; 3: 325–339.
3.
IlfeldF.Further validation of a symptom index in a normal population.Psychol Rep1976; 39: 1215–1228.
4.
EatonW.W., KesslerL.G.Epidemiologic field methods in psychiatry: the NIMH Epidemiologic Catchment Area Program.New York: Academic Press,1985.
5.
RobbinsL.N., HelzerJ.E., OrvaschelH.The diagnostic interview schedule. In: EatonW.W., and KesslerL.G., Epidemiologic field methods in psychiatry: The NIMH Epidemiologic Catchment Area Program.New York: Academic Press,1985; 143–170.
6.
BoydJ.H., RobbinsL.N., HolzerC.E.IIIMaking diagnoses from DIS data. In: EatonW.W., and KesslerL.G., eds. Epidemiologic field methods in psychiatry: the NIMH Epidemiologic Catchment Area Program.New York: Academic Press,1985.
7.
MirowskyJ., RossC.E.Psychiatric diagnosis as reified measurement.J Health Soc Behav1989; 30: 11–25.
8.
KleinmanA.Rethinking psychiatry: from cultural category to personal experience.New York: The Free Press,1988.
9.
GoodB.J.Medicine, rationality and experience: an anthropological perspective.New York: Cambridge University Press,1994.
10.
LittlewoodR.From categories to contexts: a decade of the «new cross-cultural psychiatry».Br J Psychiatry1990; 156: 308–327.
11.
GainesA.D.From DSM-1 to III-R, voices of self, mastery and the other: a cultural constructivist reading of US psychiatric classification.Soc Sci Med1992; 35: 3–24.
12.
LockM.DSM-III as a culture-bound construct: commentary on culture-bound syndromes and international disease classification.Cult Med Psychiary1987; 11: 35–42.
13.
GuarnacciaP., DeLaCancelaV., CarilloE.The multiple meanings of ataques de nervios in the latino community.Med Anthropol1989; 11: 47–63.
14.
MasséR.Culture et santé publique: les contributions de l'anthropologie à la prévention et à la promotion de la santé.Editions Gaëtan Morin, 1995.
15.
KleinmanA., GoodB.Culture and Depression: studies in the anthropology and cross-cultural psychiatry of affect and disorder.Los Angeles CA: University of California Press,1985.
16.
BeiserM.A.A study of depression among traditionnal africans, urban north americans and southeast asian refugiees. In: KleinmanA., GoodB., eds. Culture and depression.Los Angeles CA: University of California Press,1985.
17.
BravoM., CaninoG.J., Rubio-StipecM.A cross-cultural adaptation of a psychiatric epidemiologic instrument: the diagnostic interview schedule's adaptation in Puerto Rico.Cult Med Psychiatry1991; 15: 1–18.
18.
GuarnacciaP., Rubio-StipecM., CaninoG.Ataques de nervios in the Puerto Rican diagnostic interview schedule: the impact of cultural categories on psychiatric epidemiology.Cult Med Psychiatry1989; 8: 381–398.
19.
SantéQuébec.Et la santé, ça va? Rapport de l'enquête Santé Québec, 1987, Ministère de la santé et des services sociaux, Gouvernement du Québec, 1988.
20.
TousignantM., DenisG.Folie, maladie mentale et dépression nerveuse: analyse de la représentation sociale du normal et du pathologique.Can J Behav Sci1977; 9: 348–360.
21.
FournierL.Étude sémantique de trois manifestations aiguës de psychopathologie en milieu québécois: crise de folie, crise de dépression nerveuse et crise en état de boisson.Mémoire de Maître, Psychologie; Université du Québec à Montréal, 1981.
22.
KovessV., MurphyH.B.M., TousignantM.La dépression perçue par le public et la dépression décrite par le DSM-III sont-elles les mêmes?Rev Can psychiatrie1989; 34: 913–919.
23.
TousignantM., DenisG., LachapelleR.Some considerations concerning the validity and use of the health opinion survey.J Health Soc Behav1974; 15: 241–252.
24.
DupuyH.Utility for national center of health statistics of general well-being schedule in the assesment of self-representation of subjective well-being and distress. National Conference on Education in Alcool, Drug Use and Mental Health Programs, Washington DC, 1978.
