It is argued that while in vivo exposure methods may be the treatments of choice for the agoraphobic patient, other approaches may be required for complete or significant symptom-removal. Four females, each meeting the DSM—III criteria for a diagnosis of agoraphobic disorder, were treated with in vivo exposure. However, for three of the four patients symptom removal occurred only when other methods were employed on an as-required basis for each particular patient. Two of the four patients were asymptomatic both at post-treatment and follow-ups. Over the course of the treatment, the remaining two patients made gains which were essentially maintained at the follow-ups.
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