To examine the concept of dissociative identity disorder (DID).
Method:
We reviewed the literature.
Results:
The literature shows that 1) there is no proof for the claim that DID results from childhood trauma; 2) the condition cannot be reliably diagnosed; 3) contrary to theory, DID cases in children are almost never reported; and 4) consistent evidence of blatant iatrogenesis appears in the practices of some of the disorder's proponents.
Conclusions:
DID is best understood as a culture-bound and often iatrogenic condition.
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