Letters to the Editor

Askenasy JJ . The functions and dysfunctions of laughter. J Gen Psychol 1987;114:317–34.

Black DW . Pathological laughter. A review of the literature. J Nerv Ment Dis 1982;170:67–71.

Lishman AW . Organic psychiatry – the psychological consequences of cerebral disorder. 3rd ed. Malden (MA): Blackwell Science Ltd; 1998. p 19,96.

Russell JD Roxanas MG . Psychiatry and the frontal lobes. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 1990;24:113–32.

Perugi G and others. Depressive comorbidity of panic, social phobic, and obsessive–compulsive disorders re-examined: Is there a bipolar II connection? J Psychiatr Res 1999;33:53–61.

Joseph R . Frontal lobe psychopathology: Mania, depression, confabulation, catatonia, perseveration, obsessive compulsions, and schizophrenia. Psychiatry 1999;62:138–72.

Souery D Amsterdam J de Montigny C Lecrubien Y Montogemery S , Lipp O, and others. Treatment resistant depression: Methodological overview and operational criteria. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 1999;9:83–91.

O'Reardon JP Amsterdam JD . Treatment-resistant depression: Progress and limitations. Psychiatric Annals 1998;28:633–40.

Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments (CANMAT). Guidelines for the diagnosis and pharmacological treatment of depression. Toronto: Cameron McCleery Productions Ltd; 1999.

Kessler RC Nelson CB McGonagle KA Liu J Swartz M Blazer DG . Comorbidity of DSM-III-R major depressive disorder in the general population: Results from the US national comorbidity survey. Br J Psychiatry 1999;30(168 Suppl):17–30.

Kasch KL Klein DN . The relationship between age at onset and comorbidity in psychiatric disorders. J Nerv Ment Dis 1996;184:703–7.

Pini S Dell'Osso L Mastrocinque C Marcacci G Papasogli A , Vignoli S, and others. Axis I comorbidity in bipolar disorder with psychotic features. Br J Psychiatry 1999;175:467–71.

Himmelhoch JM . The paradox of anxiety syndromes comorbid with the bipolar illnesses. In: Goldberg JF Harrow M , editors. Bipolar disorders. Clinical course and outcome. Washington (DC): American Psychiatric Press; 1999. p 237–58.

Angst J . The emerging epidemiology of hypomania and bipolar II disorder. J Affect Disord 1998;50:143–51.

McMahon FJ Stine OC Chase GA Meyers DA Simpson SG DePaulo R . Influence of clinical subtype, sex, and lineality on age at onset of major affective disorder in a family sample. Am J Psychiatry 1994;151:210–5.

Benazzi F . Prevalence of bipolar II disorder in outpatient depression: A 203-case study in private practice. J Affect Disorder 1997;43:163–6.

Benazzi F . Prevalence and clinical features of atypical depression in depressed outpatients: A 467-case study. Psychiatry Res 1999;86:259–65.

Goldberg JF Kocsis JH . Depression in the course of bipolar disorder. In: Goldberg JF Harrow M , editors. Bipolar disorders. Clinical course and outcome. Washington (DC): American Psychiatric Press; 1999. p 129–47.

Akiskal HS . The prevalent clinical spectrum of bipolar disorders: Beyond DSM-IV. J Clin Psychopharmacol 1996;16(Suppl 1):4S–14S.

First MB Spitzer RL Gibbon M Williams JBW . Structured clinical interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders–Clinician Version (SCID-CV). Washington (DC): American Psychiatric Press; 1997.

Perugi G Toni C Akiskal HS . Anxious-bipolar comorbidity: Diagnostic and treatment challenges. In: Akiskal HS , editor. Bipolarity: Beyond classic mania. Psychiatr Clin North Am 1999;22:565–83.

Rosenstein DL Nelson C Jacobs SC . Seizures associated with antidepressants: A review. J Clin Psychiatry 1993;54:289–99.

Goldstein L Barker M Segall F Asihene R Baiser S , Lautenbach D, and others. Seizure and transient SIADH associated with sertraline [letter]. Am J Psychiatry 1996;153:732.

Britton JW So EL . New Antiepileptic drugs: Prospects for the future. Journal of Epilepsy 1995;8:267–81.

Calabrese JR Shelton MD III Keck PE Jr McElroy SL Werkner JE . Pilot study of topiramate in acute severe treatment-refractory mania [Abstract NR202], 151st Annual Meeting of the American Psychiatric Association; 1998 May 30 – June 4; Toronto. Washington (DC): American Psychiatric Association; 1998.

Hussain MZ Chaudhry ZA . Treatment of bipolar disease with topiramate: A new anticonvulsant drug [Abstract NRP2b]. Book of abstracts. Canadian Psychiatric Association 48th Annual Meeting; 1998 Sept 15–18; Halifax, NS. Ottawa: Canadian Psychiatric Association; 1998. p 44.

Natsch S Hekster YA Keyser A Deckers CL Meinardi H Renier WO . Newer anticonvulsant drugs: Role of pharmacology, drug interactions and adverse reactions in drug choice. Drug Safety 1997;17:228–40.

Engelskjon T Johannessen S Kloster R Nakken K Lossius R Heinriksen O . Long term effect of topiramate in refractory partial epilepsy. Epilepsy 1993;34:305–11.

Perucca E Bialer M . The clinical pharmacokinetics of the newer antiepileptic drugs: Focus on topiramate, zonisamide and tiagabine. Clin Pharmacokinet 1996;31:29–46.

Jones MW . Topiramate – safety and tolerability. Can J Neurol Sci 1998;24:13S–15S.

Shorvon SD . Safety of topiramate: Adverse events and relationships to dosing. Epilepsia 1996;37(Suppl 2):S18–S22.

Antipsychotic-induced weight gain: A comprehensive research synthesis. Am J Psychiatry 1999;156:1686–96.

Weight gain associated with antipsychotic drugs. J Clin Psychiatry 1999;60 Suppl 21: 20–4.

Novel antipsychotics: Comparison of weight gain liabilities. J Clin Psychiatry 1999;60:358–63.

Gillig P Sackellares JC Greenberg HS . Right hemisphere partial complex seizures mania, hallucinations, and speech disturbances during ictal events. Epilepsia 1988;29:26–9.

Drake ME Jr. , Episodic depression and hypomania with temporal EEG paroxysms. Psychosomatics 1988;29:354–7.

Roxanas MG Corbett AJ Reid GJ . A patient with mania and photoconvulsive epilepsy. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 1996;30:867–70.

Wolf P . Manic episodes in epilepsy. In: Akimoto H , Kazamatsuri M, and others, editors. Advances in epileptology: XIIIth Epilepsy International Symposium. New York: Raven Press; 1982. p 237–40.

Barczak P Edmunds E Betts T . Hypomania following complex partial seizures: A report of three cases. Br J Psychiatry 1988;152:137–9.

Savard G Andermann F Olivier A Rémillard GM . Postictal psychosis after complex seizures: A multiple case study. Epilepsia 1991;32:225–31.

Flor-Henry P . Schizophrenic-like reactions and affective psychoses associated with temporal lobe epilepsy: Etiological factors. Am J Psychiatry 1969;126:400–4.