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Abstract

Fondé sur des recherches menées depuis une décennie en Afrique du Sud, cet article fait le point sur la situation actuelle des migrants irréguliers. En dépit d'un cadre juridique progressiste et d'élites politiques éclairées, la politique migratoire post-apartheid a continuellement produit des effectifs importants de migrants irréguliers que les régularisations et un nouveau régime d'asile ne sont pas parvenus à protéger. L'absence d'instruments migratoires adaptés aux besoins des mouvements de main-d'œuvre régionaux et les clivages entre élites politiques et certains groupes de la population ont durablement empêché la mise en œuvre de politiques plus innovantes.

Based on research conducted in South Africa for over a decade, this paper assesses the current situation of irregular migrants. Despite a progressive legal dispensation and enlightened political elites, post-apartheid migration policy has continuously produced high numbers of irregular migrants that amnesties and a new asylum regime have only partly protected. The absence of migration instruments adapted to the needs of regional labor movements and cleavages between political elites and segments of the population have durably prevented the implementation of more innovative policies.

Keywords

Afrique australe Asile Migration irrégulière Politique publique

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`Clandestins' et `makwerekwere' dans l'Afrique du Sud post-apartheid: production de catégories,pratiques administratives et xénophobie

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