Current changes in the science system, conceptualized as cyberscience, Mode 2 knowledge production or Triple Helix, have been debated heavily these last decades. This paper rearticulates these debates by studying the ways in which the emergence and use of ICTs have conditioned changes in the science system. We analyse these changes, based on empirical studies and theoretical conceptualizations, as an interaction at three levels: researching, scientizing and politicking. The analysis suggests that the main result of the use of ICTs in sciences is an additional layer of communication, providing heterogeneity on top of established patterns and allowing a recombination of new and established elements. Concepts of radical discontinuity in sciences are rejected and policy implications are offered on the basis of the analysis.
Les transformations actuelles du système scientifique, qui ont été conceptualisées comme cyberscience, `Mode 2' de production de connaissances, ou Triple Hélice, ont été largement débattues au cours des dernières décennies. Cet article réarticule ces débats en étudiant comment le développement et l'utilisation des TICs ont conditionné ces changements. Nous analysons ces changements, à partir d'études empiriques et de conceptualisations théoriques, en tant qu'interactions à trois niveaux: à l'échelle du `researching', à celle du `scientizing', et du `politicking'. L'analyse suggère que le principal résultat de l'utilisation des TICs consiste en l'adjonction d'un niveau supplémentaire de communication, qui ajoute un élément d'hétérogénéité aux situations établies et qui rend possible une recombinaison des éléments existants et de nouveaux éléments. Le concept de discontinuité radicale des sciences est écarté et l'article présente les implications politiques résultant de cette analyse.
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