The emphasis on empirically-founded forensic treatments puts psychoanalytic
approaches in a defensive position. This article shows how essential individual and
group-analytic findings are in psychotherapy with mentally ill offenders. These
findings are often used by behavioural therapists to present their programs in
realistic situations. The experiences of the psychotherapy ward in Reichenau Mental
Hospital exemplify these findings.
Alexander, F.
and
French, T.M.
(1946) Psychoanalytic Therapy: Principles and
Application.
New York: Ronald Press
.
2.
Bion, W.
(1962) Learning from Experience.
London: Heinemann
.
3.
Byrt, R.
(1999) ‘Nursing – The Importance of
the Psychosocial Environment’, in
P. Campling
and
R. Haigh
(eds) Therapeutic Communities – Past, Present and
Future, pp. 63–75.
London: Jessica Kingsley
.
4.
Cordess, C.
and
Cox, M.
(1996) Forensic Psychotherapy – Crime,
Psychodynamics and the Offender Patient.
London and Bristol, PN: Jessica Kingsley
.
5.
Cordess, C.
and
Williams, A.H.
(1996) ‘The Criminal Act and Acting
Out’, in
C. Cordess
and
M. Cox
(eds) Forensic Psychotherapy – Crime, Psychodynamics and the
Offender Patient, pp.13–21.
London and Bristol, PN: Jessica Kingsley
.
6.
Dammann, G.
,
Clarkin, J.F.
and
K®achele, H.
(2000) ‘Psychotherapieforschung und
Borderline-St®orung: Resultate und Probleme’, in
O.F. Kernberg
,
B. Dulz
and
U. Sachsse
(eds) Handbuch der Borderline-St®orungen,pp.
701–730.
Stuttgart, New York: Schattauer
.
7.
de Smit, B.
(1992)
‘The End of the Beginning is the Beginning of the End: The
Structure of the Initial Interview in Forensic Psychiatry’
, Proceedings of the 17th International Conference of the
International Academy of Law and Mental Health Leuven,
Belgium, 1992.
8.
Doctor, R.
(1997)
‘Abh®angigkeit, Sucht und Kriminalit®at in einer
Therapeutischen Gemeinschaft innerhalb des Strafvollzugs’
, Recht und Psychiatrie15:
155–159
.
9.
Ermann, M. (1996) ‘Aggression und Destruktion in der
psychoanalytischen Behandlung’, in K. Bell and K. H®ohfeld (eds)
Aggression und seelische Krankheit, pp. 331–340.
Gießen: Psychosozial.
10.
Foulkes, S.H.
(1964) Therapeutic Group Analysis.
London: Allen and Unwin
.
11.
Gendreau, P.
(1995) ‘The Principles of Effective Intervention
with Offenders’, in
A.J. Harland
(ed.) Choosing Correctional Options that Work: Defining the Demand and
Evaluating the Supply, pp. 117–130.
Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage
.
12.
Gilligan, J.
(2000) Violence. Reflections on Our Deadliest Epidemic.
London: Jessica Kingsley
.
13.
Hilpert, H., Schwarz, R. and Beese, F. (1981) Psychotherapie in der
Klinik. Von der therapeutischen Gemeinschaft zur station®aren
Psychotherapie. Berlin: Springer.
14.
Hoffmann, K.
(2002)
‘Psychoanalysis in Psychiatric Institutions –
Theoretical and Clinical Approaches’
, International Forum of Psychoanalysis11:
237–243
.
15.
Hoffmann, K. (2003) ‘Prinzipien der Behandlung psychisch
gest®orter Straft®ater’, in V. Dittmann and J.M. Jehle
(eds) Kriminologie zwischen Grundlagenwissenschaften und Praxis, pp.
333–343. Godesberg: Forum.
16.
Hoffmann, K., Kluttig, T. and Lehmann, K. (1999)
‘Gruppenpsychotherapie auf einer forensischen Psychotherapiestation als
Widerspiegelung der Entwicklung einer therapeutischen Gemeinschaft’,
Recht und Psychiatrie17: 80–84.
17.
Huter, J. (2006) ‘Wechselwirkung von Therapeut, Bezugspflege und
Patient innerhalb einer therapeutischen Gemeinschaft – ein
transsituationaler Vergleich dreier forensischer
Psychotherapieverl®aufe’, Dissertation Universit®at Ulm.
(Unpublished dissertation, Ulm University).
18.
Jones, D.
(1996) ‘Purchasing and Providing: Forensic
Psychotherapy in the Market Place’, in
C. Cordess
and
M. Cox
(eds) Forensic Psychotherapy. Crime, Psychodynamics and the Offender
Patient. Vol. II, Mainly Practice, pp.
161–168.
London: Jessica Kingsley
.
19.
Jones, M.
(1953) The Therapeutic Community: A New Treatment Approach in Psychiatry.
New York: Basic Books
.
20.
Kernberg, O.F.
(1998) Ideology, Conflict, and Leadership in Groups and
Organizations,
New Haven/London: Yale University Press
.
21.
Kluttig, T.
(2003a)
‘Mutual Obligation Versus Constraint – A Systemic
Approach to Therapeutic Community in Forensic Psychotherapy’
, International Forum of Group Psychotherapy11(1):
4–9
.
22.
Kluttig, T. (2003b) ‘T®ater oder Opfer? Zur Bedeutung
posttraumatischer Belastungsst®orungen f®ur die forensische
Psychotherapie’, Forensische Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie 10: 49–69.
23.
Kohut, H.
(1984) How Does Analysis Cure?Chicago, IL and London: University of Chicago Press
.
24.
Laplanche, J. (1988) Die allgemeine Verf®uhrungstheorie.
T®ubingen: Edition Discord.
25.
L®osel, F.
(1995)
‘Increasing Consensus in the Evaluation of Offender
Rehabilitation? Lessons from Research Synthesis’
, Psychology, Crime and Law2:
19–39
.
26.
L®osel, F.
and
Bender, D.
(1997) ‘Straft®aterbehandlung: Konzepte,
Ergebnisse, Probleme’, in
M. Steller
and
R. Volbert
(eds) Psychologie im Strafverfahren. Ein Handbuch, pp.
171–204.
Bern: Huber
.
27.
Main, T.
(1946) ‘The Hospital as a Therapeutic
Institution’, in
T. Main
(ed.) The Ailment and other Psychoanalytic Essays, pp.
7–11.
London: Free Association Books, 1989
.
28.
Main, T.
(1983) ‘The Concept of a Therapeutic Community:
Variations and Vicissitudes’, in
T. Main
(ed.) The Ailment and other Psychoanalytic Essays, pp.
123–141.
London: Free Association Books
, 1989.
29.
Mooij, A.
(1996) ‘Hermeneutics’, in
C. Cordess
and
M. Cox
(eds) Forensic Psychotherapy – Crime, Psychodynamics and the
Offender Patient, pp. 67–73.
London and Bristol, PN: Jessica Kingsley
.
30.
Morse, R.T.
and
Noble, T.D.
(1942)
‘Joint Endeavors of the Administrative Physician and Psychotherapist’
, Psychiatric Quarterly16:
578–585
.
31.
Pf®afflin, F. (2001)
‘R®uckfallpr®aventionsprogramme f®ur
Sexualstraft®ater’, Recht und Psychiatrie 19: 140–151.
32.
Racamier, P.C. (1970) Le psychanalyste sans divan – La
psychanalyse et les institutions de soins psychiatriques. Paris: Payot.
33.
Rauchfleisch, U.
(2000) ‘Antisoziales Verhalten und
Delinquenz’, in
O.F. Kernberg
,
B. Dulz
and
U. Sachsse
(eds) Handbuch der Borderline-St®orungen, pp.
381–391.
Stuttgart, New York: Schattauer
.
34.
Reddemann, L. and Sachsse, U. (2000) ‘Traumazentrierte
Psychotherapie der chronifizierten, komplexen Posttraumatischen
Belastungsst®orung’, in O.F. Kernberg, B. Dulz and U. Sachsse
(eds) Handbuch der Borderline-St®orungen, pp. 555–571. Stuttgart,
New York: Schattauer.
35.
Sch®uler-Springorum, H., Berner, W., Circullies, B., Leygraf, N.,
Nowara, S., Pf®afflin, F., Schott, M. and Volbert, R. (1996)
‘Sexualstraft®ater im Maßregelvollzug’,
Monatsschrift f®ur Kriminologie und Strafrechtsreform 79: 148–201.
36.
Skogstad, W. (2001) ‘Innere und ®aussere Realit®at
in der station®aren Psychotherapie’, Forum der
Psychoanalyse17: 118–139.
37.
Skogstad, W. and Hinshelwood, R.D. (1998) ‘Das Krankenhaus im
®ausseren Rahmen und im seelischen Erleben – Station®are
Psychotherapie am Cassel Hospital’, Psychotherapeut43: 288–295.
38.
Stanton, A.
and
Schwartz, M.
(1954) The Mental Hospital.
New York: Basic Books
.
39.
Volckart, B. (1998) ‘Wege zu einer Wissenschaft der
Kriminalpolitik’, Recht und Psychiatrie16: 171–176.
40.
Welldon, E.
(1996) ‘Group-Analytic Psychotherapy in an
Out-Patient Setting’, in
C. Cordess
and
M. Cox
(eds) Forensic Psychotherapy. Crime, Psychodynamics and the Offender
Patient. Vol. II, Mainly Practice, pp. 63–82.
London: Jessica Kingsley
.
41.
Whiteley, J.S.
(1970)
‘The Response of Psychopaths to a Therapeutic Community’
, British Journal of Psychiatry116:
517–529
.
42.
Whiteley, J.S. (1996) ‘Innerer und ®außerer Zwang
in der Therapeutischen Gemeinschaft’, Recht und Psychiatrie14: 155–163.
43.
Whiteley, J.S.
and
Collis, M.
(1987)
‘The Therapeutic Factors in Group Psychotherapy applied to the
Therapeutic Community’
, International Journal of Therapeutic Communities8:
21–32
.