The Vietnamese peasant family economy operated according to its own dynamic, which sustained itself and undercut the collective economy. Although the Workers' Party was successful in some early aspects of collectivization, peasant patriarchs ultimately challenged collective institutions, forcing a return to family farming. The mechanism of this success was their careful control of the labor of women and children in small plot, kitchen garden and handicraft activities that, because of socialist pricing policies, were more profitable than the collective production of staples.
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