Abstract
目录
ARTICLES
文章
Imperialism in the Financial Capital Era: Forgotten Contributions from Marxist Dependency Theory
金融资本时代的帝国主义：马克思主义依附理论被遗忘的贡献
Débora Machado Nunes
This article argues that the contributions of Marxist Dependency Theory (MDT) can provide theoretical insights for the analysis of financialized capitalism dynamics, contribute to the debate about the rise of a globalized working class, and help guide a transformative praxis in the periphery, therefore being relevant for the debate of contemporary imperialism. I discuss which traditions of dependency theories were most featured in economics literature and why I believe that MDT is marginalized and misinterpreted, focusing on the historical and political aspects of that process. Next, I debate some contributions of contemporary imperialism theory, and conclude that MDT has the potential to advance some of its core concepts and formulate a powerful synthesis.
摘要
本文认为，马克思主义依附理论可以为分析金融化资本主义的动态提供理论见解，增进关于全球工人阶级崛起的辩论，以及指导外围国家的改革实践。因此，马克思主义依附理论对关于当代帝国主义的辩论是有意义的。本文讨论了经济学文献中最主要的依附理论传统，并基于历史与政治提出了马克思主义依附理论被边缘化和误解的原因。然后，本文还讨论当代帝国主义理论的一些贡献，并认为马克思主义依附理论有潜力对其一些核心概念予以发展，以形成一个强有力的综合。
Reflections on “Imperialism in the Financial Capital Era: Forgotten Contributions from Marxist Dependency Theory”
关于“金融资本时代的帝国主义：马克思主义依附理论被遗忘的贡献”的思考
Ronald H. Chilcote
Intensification of Labor and the Rate and Form of Exploitation
劳动的强化与剥削的程度与形式
Deepankar Basu, Cameron Haas, and Thanos Moraitis
Does the intensification of labor increase the rate of exploitation? Does it produce absolute surplus value or relative surplus value? This article develops a framework to answer these questions by incorporating intensity of labor in the widely used linear model of production, both in its one- and two-department forms. We show that (a) an intensification of labor always leads to an increase in the rate of exploitation, and (b) the increase in the rate of exploitation takes the form of the production of absolute surplus value in all realistic situations. We also highlight, in the case of any model with more than one industry or sector, an interesting difference in short- and long-run changes in the rate and form of surplus value.
摘要
劳动的强化会提高剥削率吗？它产生的是绝对剩余价值还是相对剩余价值？本文将劳动强度纳入广泛使用的线性生产模型，分别以单部门和两部门模型来回答以上这些问题。我们展示了（a）劳动的强化总会导致剥削率的上升，以及（b）在所有现实情况下，剥削率的提高总是以创造绝对剩余价值的形式出现。我们还强调了，在任何具有多于一个行业或部门的模型中，剩余价值的比率和形式的短期与长期变化之间存在有趣的差异。
Gender Wage Gap, Wage-Productivity Decoupling, and the Rate of Profit
性别工资差距、工资-生产率脱节、利润率
Daniel Francisco Ossa Hernandez
The declining gender wage gap (GWG) and the wage-productivity decoupling (WPD) are two emerging phenomena for the United States since the 1980s. This article proposes an extension to the usual decomposition method of the profit rate to account for both the GWG and the WPD on aggregate income distribution. It then uses this framework to study the US manufacturing sector from 1960 to 2017. It suggests that gender wage inequality was a source of profitability, especially before 1986, but which was slowly petered out. Since 2001, increases in the profit share have mostly been due to the WPD. These results highlight the relevance of gender-based inequality in the more traditional analysis of the profit rate dynamics.
摘要
性别工资差距的缩小与工资-生产率脱节是20世纪80年代以来美国出现的两个新现象。本文提议对利润率的常用分解方法进行拓展，从而解释性别工资差距与工资-生产率脱节对总收入分配的影响，并使用此框架研究了1960年至2017年的美国制造业。本文研究表明，虽然性别工资不平等是盈利的一个来源，特别是在1986年之前，但这一不平等正逐渐消失。2001年以来，利润份额的增加主要是由于工资-生产率脱节；上述结果凸显了基于性别的不平等在更为传统的利润率动态分析中的意义。
Financialization and Militarization: An Empirical Investigation
金融化与军事化：一个经验研究
Pelin Akçagün and Adem Elveren
Based on Arrighi, we empirically investigate whether financialization and militarization are mutually reinforcing phenomena in the United States. Military spending during the 1950–1960s in the United States counteracted the stagnation of the monopolistic stage of capitalism. Monopoly capital was transformed into finance monopoly capital as the intensity of financial capital increased during the late 1970s in response to stagnation. Considering alternative financialization variables and the profit rate in the financial sector, and using several parametric and nonparametric methods, we found a significant relationship between financialization and militarization in the United States for 1949–2019. The results suggest that the rise in financialization is parallel to the decline in the profit rates, leading to larger military expenditure in total, but with relatively smaller share in GDP.
摘要
基于Arrighi的研究，我们对美国金融化和军事化是否相辅相成的现象这一问题进行了经验研究。1950至60年代美国的军费开支抵消了资本主义垄断阶段的停滞。20世纪70年代后期，随着金融资本强度因经济停滞而提高，
Refutations of Say’s Law and Dynamics of a Monetary Economy of Production
对萨伊定律的反驳和一个有货币的生产经济体的动态
Edouard Cottin-Euziol and Nicolas Piluso
In a monetary economy of production, Say’s law is invalid for several reasons. Based on some refutations, it is possible to state that revenues generated by the production process are structurally lower than the supply price of production, which means that firms create insufficient purchasing power to buy what they produce. Herein, we study the dynamics of such an economy and obtain two main results. First, the long-term debt level of that economy must increase during a growth phase to enable demand to grow at the same pace as supply. Second, because of the repayment of this debt, the gap between supply and net revenues generated by the production process widens along a growth phase.
摘要
在一个有货币的生产经济体中，萨伊定律会由于一些原因而失效。根据一些反驳意见，生产过程产生的收入有可能结构性地低于生产的供给价格，也就是说，企业所创造的购买力不足以购买它们的产品。我们在此研究了这样一种经济体的动态并得出了两个主要结论。第一，这种经济体的长期债务水平在经济增长阶段必须上升以保证需求与供给同步增长。其次，由于对该债务的偿还，生产过程产生的供给与净收入之间的差距会在经济增长阶段扩大。
The Value Form and the Fetishism of the Commodity
价值形式与商品拜物教
Kiyoshi Nagatani
Based on Uno’s new insight that in the first chapter on the commodity, the value of a commodity is not yet defined as objectified abstract labor, this article first examines the problems in Marx’s value form theory and presents a new understanding of the simple, the expanded, and the general value form, and reformulates the theory of the commodity into a dialectical whole composed of the world of commodities. Second, the article responds to Elena Lange’s critique of Uno’s value theory. Third, the article argues that fetishism of the commodity never originates from alienated abstract labor but from a specific relationship between commodity owners; therefore, the theories of value form and fetishism of the commodity address the common theme. A reformulated theory of the value form should integrate, not omit, the fetishism of the commodity within it.
摘要
基于宇野的新见解，即在《资本论》第一章“商品”中，商品的价值尚未被定义为物化的抽象劳动，本文首先考察了马克思价值形式理论中的问题，提出了关于简单的、扩大的、以及一般的价值形式的新的理解，并将商品理论重述为一个由商品世界构成的辩证整体。其次，本文回应了Elena Lange对宇野价值理论的批判。第三，本文认为商品拜物教并非源于异化的抽象劳动，而是源于商品所有者之间的特定关系；因此，价值形式理论与商品拜物教具有共同的主题。一个重新表述的价值形式理论应当整合而非遗漏其所内含的商品拜物教。
IN MEMORY OF HERB GINTIS
缅怀HERB GINTIS
Introduction to the Tributes to Herb Gintis (1940–2023)
对Herb Gintis (1940–2023) 缅怀文章的简介
Marlene Kim
My Tribute to Herb Gintis
我对Herb Gintis的缅怀
Thomas E. Weisskopf
“Be Serious!”: In Memoriam Herb Gintis
“认真点！”纪念Herb Gintis
Arjun Jayadev and Suresh Naidu
Herbert Gintis and the Societal Origins of Preferences: A Personal Memoir
Herbert Gintis与偏好的社会起源：一份个人回忆录
Samuel Bowles
BOOK REVIEWS
书评
Capital Wars: The Rise of Global Liquidity
资本战争：全球流动性的崛起
Michael Keaney
Neoliberal Lives: Work, Politics, Nature, and Health in the Contemporary United States
Stephen Pimpare
新自由主义式生活：当代美国的工作、政治、自然、健康
The New Political Economy of Disability: Transnational Networks and Individualized Funding in the Age of Neoliberalism
Ozancan Bozkurt
关于残障的新政治经济学：新自由主义时代的跨国网络与个人化资助
ANNOUNCEMENTS
公告
Books Received (as of March 2024)
收到的书籍（截止至2024年3月）
List of Reviewers 2023
2023年审稿人名单