The development of new knowledge on stem cells, and the contemporary advancement of the techniques based on tissue engineering, allow nowadays to enlarge the horizons of regenerative medicine and of its application in therapeutic field. In this paper are quoted the techniques and the basic possibilities concerning the de novo creation of tissues and organs in vitro, pointing out both benefits, and the most complicated aspects which make this approach still barelyfeasible in therapy, as the problem related to the immune rejection. Is merging the thematic of immune rejection and of tissue engineering that is introduced a possible alternative for the creation of renal structures totally made in vitro, but also totally functional.
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