Frederick Ii and the Moslem Culture

A work on Frederick II of fundamental importance is E. Kantorowicz, Kaiser Friedrich der Zweite (Berlin: Bondi , 1931); more recent is G. Masson's Frederick II of Hohenstaufen

London: Secker & Warburg, 1957 ). On culture in general of Frederick and his court see C. H. Haskins, "Science at the Court of Frederick II," in Studies in the History of Medieval Science (Cambridge, 1927), and A. De Stefano , La Cultura alla corte di Federico II Imperatore (2d ed.; Bologna , 1950).

For the relationships particularly with the Moslem world, in addition to the classical work by M. Amari on the Mohammedans of Sicily, see H.L. Gottshalk , "Al-anbaratùr Imperator," Der Islam, XXXIII (1957), 30-36, and "Der Untergang der Hohenstaufen," WZKM, LIII (1957), 267-82.

The letters in Arabic to the emir Fakhr ad-din have been translated by F. Gabrieli in Storici Arabi delle Crociate (Turin, 1957), pp. 264-67.