Urine Protein Electrophoresis of End-Stage Diabetic Nephropathy Patients on Dialysis Using Room Temperature Precipitation Technique

Abstract

Proteinuria is one of the markers of renal diseases. Its quantitative measurement alone has limited diagnostic conclusions. Electrophoresis procedures have been applied for further differentiation. To determine the extent of precipitated proteinuria as a diagnostic and clinical marker tool, I have used the precipitated urine proteins without any chemical or heat for protein precipitation utilizing a new feasible and practicable approach. Two samples of urine (5 c.c. each) after 24 hours of dialysis were collected from 10 end-stage renal failure diabetic nephropathy patients (Salmaniya Medical Center) and 5 normal healthy persons without any history of renal and diabetic involvement. The samples were dried at room temperature without adding any chemical for 24 hours and precipitated urine was diluted in distilled water. They were run on Beckman apparatus Paragon Electropheresis System and scanned for electrophoresis bands for the following proteins in BDF hospital: albumin, alpha 1, alpha 2, beta, and gamma. The pattern of electrophoresis graph and bands were different in the urine of patients compared to the urine of healthy persons. There were alterations in alpha 1 and 2 proteins in the urine of patients with ESRF. This technique illustrates a feasible approach to estimate the protein alteration in ESRF of diabetic nephropathy patients and to develop a marker for clinical development of diabetic nephropathy patients, that could be used as a tool for further studies with, for example, diabetic nephropathy patients without ESRF and diabetic patients without nephropathy of both IDDM and NIDDM.