Female painful bladder syndromes include interstitial cystitis and the urethral syndrome. These are deceptive, controversial syndromes, as can be seen from the abundance of synonyms that have been coined over the years to define them. Epidemiological studies in the United States and Scandinavia are available for interstitial cystitis and highlight a prevalence ranging between 8-30 cases every 100,000 persons.
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