Zinc and Copper in Seminal Plasma of Normal and Pathological Samples: An Analytical Study

Amelar R. D. , Dubin L. : Semen analysis. In: Amelar R. D. , Dubin L. , Walsh P. C. (eds.): Male infertility. W. B. Saunders Co. Philadelphia 1977.

Amelar R. D. , Dubin L. , Schoenfeld C. : Semen analysis. Urology, 2; 605–612(1973).

Bacetti B. , Pallini V. , Burrini A. G. : The accessory fibres of the sperm tail. II. Their role in binding zinc in mammals and cephalopods. J. Ultrastrust. Res., 54; 261–275 (1976).

Bartlett D. G. : Studies on dog semen. II. Biochemical characteristics. J. Reprod. Fertil., 3; 190–205 (1962).

Battersby S. , Chandler J. A. : Correlation between elemental composition and motility of human spermatozoa. Fertil. & Steril., 28; 557–561 (1977).

Bertrand G. , Vladesco R. : Intervention probable du zinc dans les phénomènes de nodation chez les animaux vertébrés. Acad. Sci., 173; 176–179 (1921).

Caldamone A. A. , Freytag M. K. , Cockett A. T. K. : Seminal zinc and male infertility. Urology, 13; 280–283 (1979).

Eliasson R. : Accessory glands and seminal plasma with special reference to infertility as a model for studies on induction of sterility in the male. J. Reprod. Fertil., suppl. 24; 163–174 (1976).

Eliasson R. , Johnson Lindholmer C. : Effect of zinc on human sperm respiration. Life Sci., 10; 1317–1320 (1971).

Eliasson R. , Lindholmer C. : Zinc in human seminal plasma. Andrologia, 3; 147–153 (1971).

Freund M. , Peterson R. N. : Semen evaluation and fertility. In: Hafez E. S. E. (ed.): Human semen and fertility regulation in men. C. V. Mosby Co., Saint Louis 1976.

Friberg J. , Nilson O. : The amount of zinc detected in washed human spermatozoa. Upsala J. Med. Sci., 79; 63–64 (1974).

Fuji T. , Utida S. , Misuno T. : Reaction of starfish spermatozoa to histidine and certain other substances considered in relation to zinc. Nature, 176; 1068–1069 (1955).

Gaffuri S. , Maletto S. , Poggio A. , Ladetto G. : Dosaggio e significato degli elementi macro- ed oligominerali nello sperma normale e patologico. Minerva ginec., 21; 1339–1359 (1969).

Gunn S. A. , Gould T. C. , Anderson W. A. D. : Zn⁶⁵ uptake by rat dorsolateral prostate as indicator of interstitial cell stimulating hormones activity. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med., 104; 348–350 (1960 a).

Gunn S. A. , Gould T. C. , Anderson W. A. D. : ⁶⁵Zn uptake by rat dorsolateral prostate as specific bioassay for interstitial cell stimulating hormone. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med., 105; 433–435 (1960 b).

Gunn S. A. , Gould T. C. , Anderson W. A. D. : The effect of growth hormone and prolactin preparations on the control by interstitial cell stimulating hormone of uptake of ⁶⁵Zn by the rat dorsolateral prostate. J. Endocrinol., 32; 205–214 (1965).

Janick J. , Zeltz L. , Whitmore W. F. : Semina fluid levels and their relationship to human spermatozoon motility and spermatozoon zinc. Fertil. & Steril., 22; 573–580 (1971).

Lindholmer C. : The importance of seminal plasma for human sperm motility. Biol. Reprod., 10; 533–542 (1974).

Lindholmer C. , Eliasson R. : In vitro release and uptake of zinc and magnesium by human spermatozoa. Intern. J. Fertil., 19; 56–62 (1974).

Mann T. : The biochemistry of semen and of the male reproductive tract. Melhuen & Company Ltd., London 1964.

Marmar J. L. , Katz S. , Praiss D. E. , De Benedictis T. J. : Semen zinc levels in infertile and postvasectomy patients and patients with prostatitis. Fertil. & Steril., 26; 1057–1063 (1975).

Mawson C. A. , Fischer M. I. : Zinc and carbonic anhydrase in human semen. Biochem. J., 47; 15 (1950).

Mawson C. A. , Fischer M. I. : Zinc content of the genital organs of the rat. Nature, 167; 859 (1951).

Mawson C. A. , Fischer M. I. : Carbonic anhydrase and zinc in the prostate glands of the rat and rabbit. Arch. Biochem., 36; 485–486 (1925 a).

Mawson C. A. , Fischer M. I. : The occurence of zinc in the human prostate gland. Canad. J. Med., 30; 336–339 (1952 b).

Mawson C. A. , Fischer M. I. : Zinc in aspermic human semen. Nature, 177; 190 (1956).

Meckenzie A. R. , Hall T. , Whitmore W. F. jr. : Zinc content of expressed human prostatic fluid. Nature, 193; 72–73 (1962).

Millar M. J. , Fischer M. I. , Elcoate P. V. , Mawson C. A. : The effects of dietary zinc deficiency on the reproductive system of male rats. Canad. J. Biochem. Physiol., 36; 557–569 (1958).

Millar M. J. , Elcoate P. V. , Fischer M. I. , Mawson C. A. : Effect of testosterone and gonadotrophin injections on the sex organ development of zinc deficient male rat. Canad. J. Biochem. Physiol., 38; 1457–1466 (1960).

Rizkalla S. N. , Mackenzie A. R. , Hall T. , Whitmore W. F. jr. : Additive effects of dithizone and oxine on the canine prostate. J. Urol., 88; 268–272 (1962).

Saito S. , Bush I. M. , Whitmore W. F. jr. : Effects of certain metals and chelating agents on rat and dog epididymal spermatozoon motility. Fertil. & Steril., 18; 517–529 (1967).

Schoenfeld C. , Amelar R. D. , Dubin L. , Numberoff M. : Prolactin, fructose and zinc levels found in human seminal plasma. Fertil. & Steril., 32; 206–208 (1979).

Sharma J. : Ph. D. thesis, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, 1982.

Skandhan K. P. : Zinc in normal human seminal plasma. Andrologia, 13; 346–351 (1981 a).

Skandhan K. P. : Importance of zinc in the semen quality of different fractions of split ejaculate. Infertility, 4; 61–81 (1981 b).

Skandhan K. P. , Mazumdar B. N. : Semen copper in normal and infertile subjects. Experientia, 35; 877–878 (1979).

Skandhan K. P. , Mazumdar B. N. : High incidence of male involuntary infertility. Infertility, 5; 167–174 (1982).

Skandhan K. P. , Skandhan S. , Mehta Y. B. : Semen electrolytes in normal and infertile subjets. II: Zinc. Experientia, 34; 1476–1477 (1978).

Skandhan K. P. , Mehta Y. B. , Chary T. M. , Achar M. V. S. : Semen electrolytes in normal and infertile subjects. I. Sodium potassium, calcium and magnesium. J. Obstet. Gynec. India, 27; 286–294 (1978).

Skandhan K. P. , Vadodaria H. , Langalia D. , Mazumdar B. N. : Incidence of male factor in infertility. Andrologia, 14; 328–330 (1982).

Skandhan K. P. , Skandhan S. , Pandya C. B. , Shah R. C. : Daily ejaculates: zinc and copper in seminal plasma. Necessity for abstinence prior to semen collection. (communicated 1984).

Takharia H. , Cosentino M. , Cockett A. T. K. : Effects of low dose androgen and zinc sulfate on sperm motility and seminal zinc levels in infertile men. Urology, 18; 160–161 (1983).

Van Zyl J. A. , Mankveld R. , Relief A. E. , van Niekerk W. A. : Oligozoospermia. In: Hafez E. S. E. (ed.): Human semen and fertility regulation in men. G. V. Mosby Co., Saint Louis 1976.

World Helath Organisation: Technical report, series No. 582: The epidemiology of infertility, 1975.