The Artificial Neural Network Utilization for the Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer

Abstract

The Artificial Neural Network utilization is limited to its complexity. Aim of our study is to organize a simple ANN for a practical utilization.

Methods

We retrospectively reviewed from our database male patients (both outpatients and hospitalized patients) who underwent PSA and free PSA assay. Inclusion criteria was as follows: male older than 45, without a history of prostate cancer. Patients who rejected a proposed prostatic biopsy were excluded. 520 men were included in the study. There were 431 (83%) controls and 89 (17%) had prostate cancer. An ANN was constructed on the basis of data on PSA, fPSA, percentage of free PSA and age.

Results

Of the samples 200 random cases (38.5%) were used to train the system, 100 random cases (19.2%) were used for the test phase and the remains 220 (42.3%) were used for validation. At the ROC analysis the higher area under the curve was for ANN with a significant difference with that of PSA (p=0.022).

Conclusions

We developed a diagnostic algorithm based on both serum data (tPSA, fPSA and %fPSA) and clinical data (age) to enhance the performance of tPSA to discriminate prostate cancer patients. The predictive accuracy of the ANN was superior to that of tPSA. Limiting input neurons, the complexity is reduced so this ANN can be used for daily urological practice.