To evaluate the biocompatibility of dialysis membranes, blood samples were collected from 10 hemodialysis patients immediately before dialysis and peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated. The 3.0 x 105 cells/ml were then passed 30 times through modules made of a polyethylene glycolgrafted cellulose membrane, a polyacrylonitrile membrane, and a polysulfone membrane. Expression of messenger RNA for tumor necrosi factor-α (TNF-α) was determined. Cells were also cultured for 2 h with and without lipopolysaccharide and TNF-α levels in the supernatant were measured.
TNF-α messenger RNA expression was significantly higher immediately after passage through the polyacrylonitrile membrane compared with the other membranes. Cells cultured without lipopolysaccharide, produced significantly less TNF-α after passage through the polysulfone membrane, while lipopolysaccharide significantly increased TNF-α production by cells passed through the polyacrylonitrile membrane. These results suggest that biocompatibility differs even among dialysis membranes believed to cause no complement activation.
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