Hyperhomocysteinemia as a cause of vascular occlusion in end-stage-renal disease

Wilcken DEL , Gupta VJ , Betts AK . Homocysteine in the plasma of renal transplant recipients: effect of cofactors for methionine metabolism. Clin Sci 1981; 61:743–9.

Arnadottir M , Brattström L , Simonsen O , . The effect of high-dose pyridoxine and folic acid supplementation on serum lipid and plasma homocysteine concetrations in dialysis patients. Clin Nephrol 1993; 40:236–40.

Amadottir M , Hultberg B , Nilsson-Ehle P , Thysell H . The effect of reduced glomerular filtration rate on plasma total homocysteine concentration. Scand J Clin Lab Invest 1996; 56:41–6.

Bostom AG , Shemin D , Lapane KL , . High dose B-vitamin treatment of hyperhomocysteinemia in dialysis patients. Kidney Int 1996; 49:147–52.

Robinson K , Gupta A , Dennis V , . Hyperhomocysteinemia confers an independent increased risk of atherosclerosis in end-stage renal disease and is closely linked to plasma folate and pyridoxine concentrations. Circulation 1996; 94:2743–8.

Tamura T , Johnston KE , Bergman SM . Homocysteine and folate concentrations in blood from patients treated with hemodialysis. J Am Soc Nephrol 1996; 7:2414–8.

Green R , Jacobsen DW . Clinical implications of hyperhomocysteinemia. In: Bailey LB , ed. Folate in health and disease. New York: Marcel Dekker, 1995:75–122.

Ibels LS , Stewart JH , Mahony JF , Neale FC , Sheil AGR . Occlusive arterial disease in uraemic and haemodialysis patients and renal transplant recipients. A study of the incidence of arterial disease and of the prevalence of risk factors implicated in the pathogenesis of arteriosclerosis. Quart J Med 1977; 46:197–214.

Dennis VW , Robinson K . Homocysteinemia and vascular disease in end-stage renal disease. Kid Inter 1996; 50 (suppl. 57): S-11–S-17.

Bostom AG , Lathrop L . Hyperhomocysteinemia in end-stage renal disease: prevalence, etiology, and potential relationship to arteriosclerosis outcomes. Kidney Int 1997; 52:10–20.

Mudd SH , Levy HL , Skovby F . Disorders of transsulfuration. In: Scriver CR , Beaudet AL , Sly WS , Valle D , eds. The meta-bolic and molecular basis of inherited disease. Seventh edition. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1995; 1279–327.

McCully KS . Vascular pathology of homocysteinemia: implications for the pathogenesis of arteriosclerosis. Am J Pathol 1969; 56:111–28.

Jacques PF , Bostom AG , Williams RR , . Relation between folate status, a common mutation in methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase, and plasma homocysteine concentrations. Circulation 1996; 93:7–9.

Födinger M , Mannhalter C , Wölfl G , . Mutation (677C to T) in the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene aggravates hyperhomocysteinemia in hemodialysis patients. Kidney Int 1997; 52:517–23.

Guttormsen AB , Ueland PM , Svarstad E , Refsum H . Kinetic basis of hyperhomocysteinemia in patients with chronic failure. Kidney Int 1997; 52:495–502.

Bostom A , Brosnan JT , Hall B , Nadeau MR , Selhub J . Net uptake of plasma homocysteine by the rat kidney in vivo. Atherosclerosis 1995; 116:59–62.

Livant EJ , Tamura T , Johnston KE , . Plasma folate conjugase activities and folate concentrations in patients receiving hemodialysis. J Nutr Biochem 1994; 5:504–8.

Descombes E , Hanck AB , Fellay G . Water soluble vitamins in chronic hemodialysis patients and need for supplementation. Kidney Int 1993; 43:1319–28.

Kasama R , Koch T , Canals-Navas C , Pitone JM . Vitamin B6 and hemodialysis: the impact of high-flux/high-efficiency dialysis and review of literature. Am J Kidney Dis 1996; 27:680–6.

Ono K , Hisasue Y . Is folate supplementation necessary in hemodialysis patients on erythropoietin therapy? Clin Nephrol 1992; 38:290–2.

Gentile MG , Fellin G , Cofano F , . Treatment of proteinuric patients with a vegetarian soy diet and fish oil. Clin Nephrol 1993; 40:315–20.

Kontessis P , Jones S , Dodds R , . Renal, metabolic and hormonal responses to ingestion of animal and vegetable proteins. Kid Inter 1990; 38:136–44.