Detection of Low Molecular Size Lipopolysaccharide Contaminated in Dialysates used for Hemodialysis Therapy with Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis in the Presence of Sodium Deoxycholate

Abstract

Dialysis membranes are generally considered to be impermeable for bacterial endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide, LPS) contaminated in dialysates used for hemodialysis therapy, since LPS molecular size in aqueous media has been reported to be more than 10⁶. However, there are few reports concerning its size in dialysates. We have already presented a newly developed polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis with sodium deoxycholate (DOC-PAGE) which proves the LPS size. Using this method, therefore, we attempted to clarify the size of LPS in dialysates. We demonstrated that LPS in dialysates had roughly two different molecular sizes with DOC-PAGE and that compared to migration profiles of Salmonella LPS as controls on DOC-PAGE, one molecular size of LPS was approximately 4,000 and the other in tens of thousands. This investigation indicates the possibility of LPS transfer across dialysis membranes.