Abstract
Plasma exchange has been used in our renal transplantation programme for over ten years to treat 86 patients divided into four groups. Five patients had preformed cytotoxic antibodies before transplantation (group A); 13 sensitized patients (>60% PRA) underwent prophylactic plasma exchange in the immediate postoperative period (group B); 62 patients were treated for acute vascular rejection (group C); six patients had chronic graft rejection (group D). Plasma exchange is a valid tool for the treatment of acute vascular rejection, provided that it is started before irreversible graft damage occurs: 75% rejection crises were reversed by plasma exchange and the actuarial graft survival from the rejection episode was 75% at one year, 66% at two and 50% at five years. Serum creatinine before treatment and glomerular thrombosis at graft biopsy correlated with the response to plasma exchange. In sensitized patients and in those with chronic rejection the results were disappointing and suggest that in these clinical conditions plasma exchange should be used only in selected cases.
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