A hemoperfusion system has been developed in wich very small charcoal particles (average diameter 40 μm) are embedded and immobilized in a collodion film (Filmadsorber). In vitro studies revealed that the absorption of bile acids by these small charcoal particles is superior to that by larger ones (size: 0.5 to 5 mm) as used in commercially available adsorbers. In vivo studies confirmed these results: dogs with ligated bile ducts were subjected to hemoperfusion through different types of charcoal adsorbers. Bile acid clearances of filmadsorbers containing less charcoal than the commercials were significantly higher.
Van ZutphenP.: The filmadsorber. Thesis, Eindhoven University of Technology, 1975.
2.
SnelP., TangermanA., Van Berge HenegouwenG.P., GeerdinkP., HuybregtsA., and Van TongerenJ.: Treatment of intractable pruritus in cholestatic jaundice; Removal of bile acids by plasma exchange and plasma perfusion. In: Biological effects of bile acids, PaumgartnerG., StiehlA., and GerokW., editors. Lancaster1979, MTP Press Limited.
3.
HewJ.T., HartF.E., and WilsonR.A.: Liver support system: The low clearance of model hepatic excretory anions by charcoal hemoperfusion, Gastroenterology, 74: 661, 1978.
4.
WestonM.J., HorakW., GazzardB.G., Murray-LyonJ.M., and WilliamsR.: Bile acid removal from patients with liver disease: a mode of artificial liver excretion. In: Advances in bile acid research, Matern, Hackenschmidt, Back, and Gerok, editors. New York, 1975.
5.
WilsonR.A., HofmannA.F., and KusterG.G.R.: Toward an artificial liver II.Removal of cholephilic anions from dogs with biliary obstruction by hemoperfusion through charged and uncharged resins, Gastroenterology, 66, 95, 1979.
6.
LopukhinU.M., MolodenkevM.N., LeykinU.A., GorchakovV.D., EvseevN.G., and RyabovA.V.: Removal of plasma bilirubin by hemoperfusion in dogs, Amer.J. Gastroenterology, 68: 345, 1977.
7.
HorakW., PolterauerP., RennerF., SilberbauerK., RouhsR., MühlbacherF., and FunovicsJ.: Plasmaperfusion über Aktiwkohle und Amberlite XAD-7 bei der phosphor induzierten Lebernekrose des Hundes, Z.für Gastroenterologie, 17: 90, 1979.
8.
HughesR.P., DunlopE.H., DavisM., SilkD.B.A., and WilliamsR.: Affinity chromatography systems for artificial liver support, Biomater., Med.Dev., Artificial Organs5: 205, 1977.
9.
ScharschmidtB.F., MartinJ.F., ShapiroL.J., PlotzP.H., and BerkP.D.: Hemoperfusion through albumin-conjugated agarose gel for the treatment of neonatal jaundice in premature rhesus monkeys.J. Lab. Clin., Med., 89: 101, 1977.
10.
LauterburgB.H., DicksonE.R., PinedaA.A., CarlsonG.L., and TaswellH.F.: Removel of bile acids and bilirubin by plasmaperfusion of U.S.P.charcoal coated glass beads, J. Lab. Clin. Med., 94: 585, 1979.
11.
DunlopE.H., HughusR.D., and WilliamsR.: Physicochemical aspects of the removal of protein-bound substances by charcoal and other adsorbents of potential value in systems of artificial liver support: Part 1 - Equilibrium properties.Med. Biol. Eng. Comput.16: 343, 1978.
12.
DunlopE.H., HughesR.D., and WilliamsR.: Physicochemical aspects of the removal of protein-bound substances by charcoal and other adsorbents of potential value in systems of artificial liver support: Part 2 - Kinetics of removal.Med. Biol. Eng. Comput., 16: 350, 1978.
