Optimal design and analysis of a novel magnetic drive blood pump

Abstract

Utilizing magnetic coupling to drive the artificial heart blood pump in a non-contact and wireless manner offers a viable solution that can effectively avoid problems such as percutaneous lead infection. However, the existing magnetic drive blood pumps have problems such as low utilization efficiency and limited transmission torque due to significant leakage of permanent magnets. To address these limitations, this paper introduces a magnetic modulation-based magnetic drive blood pump, which uses salient pole iron sheets to modulate the magnetic field generated by permanent magnets, thereby minimizing leakage and enhancing the efficiency of permanent magnet utilization. Through finite element analysis of electromagnetic fields, the magnetic circuit structure of the magnetic modulation type magnetic drive blood pump is optimized. Additionally, the influence of the air gap distance of the magnetic drive blood pump on transmission performance is analyzed. Finally, a comprehensive experimental setup for blood pump is developed. By measuring the load torque and spatial magnetic flux density parameters of the magnetic drive blood pump and comparing them to the simulation outcomes, the effectiveness of the proposed magnetic modulation type blood pump is verified.

Keywords

Magnetic field modulation blood pump structure parameters optimization transmission torque

Get full access to this article

View all access options for this article.

References

Bhandari

Tripathi

Alteration in membrane-based pumping flow with rheological behaviour: a mathematical model. Comput Methods Programs Biomed 2023; 229: 107325.

Guidetti

Arrigo

Frank

, et al Treatment of advanced heart failure—focus on transplantation and durable mechanical circulatory support: what does the future hold. Heart Fail Clin 2021; 17(4): 697–708.

Crews

Kaiser

Walczak

, et al Bridge to transplant with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation followed by heartware ventricular assist device in a child. Ann Thorac Surg 2013; 95(5): 1780–1782.

D’Alessandro

Forest

Lamour

, et al First reported use of the heartware HVAD in the US as bridge to transplant in an adolescent. Pediatr Transplant 2012; 16(8): 356–359.

Fox

Palazzolo

Hirschhorn

, et al Development of the centrifugal blood pump for a hybrid continuous flow pediatric total artificial heart: model, make, measure. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9: 886874.

Hirschhorn

Catucci

Day

, et al Channel impeller design for centrifugal blood pump in hybrid pediatric total artificial heart: modeling, magnet integration, and hydraulic experiments. Artif Organs 2023; 47(4): 680–694.

Kleinheyer.

, et al. BiVACOR total artificial heart and future concepts. in: Mechanical Circulatory Support, Arabía

F.A

(eds). Springer, Cham, 2023, pp. 1–17.

Xing.

, et al. Distribution of U-shaped magnet circuit and air gap magnetic induction intensity. In: Machinery Design & Manufacture, Xi’an, Vol. 7, pp. 82–83, 2008.

Xia

A bionic artificial heart blood pump driven by permanent magnet located outside human body. IEEE Trans Appl Supercond 2012; 22(3): 4401304–4401304.

10.

Wang

LM.

Micropumps and biomedical applications a review. Microelectron Eng 2018; 195: 121–138.

11.

Chen

Yao

Zheng

, et al Design and implementation of a novel passive magnetically levitated nutation blood pump for the ventricular assist device. IEEE Access 2019; 7: 169327–169337.

12.

Wang

Zhu

Wang

, et al Design and analysis of a bearingless permanent-magnet motor for axial blood pump applications. IEEE Access 2020; 8: 7622–7627.

13.

Wang

Chen

Influence of primary longitudinal position clearance on lateral dynamics of vehicle with MRF coupled wheelsets. J Traffic Transp Eng 2007; 7(11): 6–9.

14.

Acharya

Bird

Calvin

A flux focusing axial magnetic gear. IEEE Trans Magn 2013; 49(7): 4092–4095.

15.

Yin

Pfister

Fang

A novel magnetic gear: toward a higher torque density. IEEE Trans Magn 2015; 51(11): 1–4.

16.

Yang

Lin

. Performance of a single-axis controlled magnetic bearing for axial blood pump. In: IEEE industry applications conference, 2007.

17.

Kosaka

, et al Bearing gap adjustment for improvement of levitation performance in a hydrodynamically levitated centrifugal blood pump. In: 37th Annual international conference of the IEEE engineering in medicine and biology society (EMBC). IEEE, 2015.

18.

Wang

, et al Measurement of rotor eccentic distance in a maglev centrifugal blood pump. In: International conference on electrical & control engineering. IEEE Computer Society, 2010.

19.

Gao

SY.

Numerical calculation and analysis of suspension force of permanent magnetic bearing in conical spiral blood pump. In: IEEE conference on robotics, automation & mechatronics. IEEE, 2008.