Recent Advances in the Management of Hepatitis C in the Dialysis Population

Lombardi M. , Cerrai T. , Geatti S. Results of a national epidemiological investigation on HCV infection among dialysis patients. J Nephrol 1999; 12: 322–7.

Jadoul M. , Cornu C. , Van Ypersele de Strihou S.C. ., and The Universitaries Cliniques St-Luc (UCL) Collaborative Group. Universal precautions prevent hepatitis C virus transmission: a 54 month follow-up of the Belgian multicenter study. Kidney Int 1998; 53: 1022–5.

Salama G. , Rostaing L. , Sandres K. , Izopet J. . Hepatitis C virus infection in French hemodialysis units: a multicenter study. J Med Virol 2000; 61: 44–51.

Schneeberger P.M. , Keur I. , van der Vliet W. Hepatitis C virus infection in dialysis centers in The Netherlands: a national survey by serological and molecular methods. J Clin Microbiol 1998; 36: 1711–5.

Todorov V. , Boneva R. , Ilieva P. , Doichinova T. , Donchev M. . High prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection in one dialysis center in Bulgaria. (Letter). Nephron 1998; 79: 222–3.

Hassan A.A. , Khalil R. . Hepatitis C in dialysis patients in Egypt: Relationship to dialysis duration, blood transfusion, and liver disease. Saudi J Kidney Transplant 2000; 11: 72–5.

Djordjevic V. , Stojanovic K. , Stojanovic M. , Stefanovic V. . Prevention of nosocomial transmission of hepatitis C infection in a hemodialysis unit. A prospective study. Int J Artif Organs 2000; 23: 181–8.

Sayiner A.A. , Zeytinoglu A. , Ozkahya M. HCV infection in haemodialysis and CAPD patients. (Letter). Nephrol Dial Transplant 1998; 1: 256–7.

Covic A. , Iancu L. , Apetrei C. Hepatitis virus infection in haemodialysis patients from Moldavia. Nephrol Dial Transplant 1999; 14: 40–5.

Rais-Jalali G. , Khajehdehi P. . Anti-HCV seropositivity among haemodialysis patients of Iranian origin. (Letter). Nephrol Dial Transplant 1999; 14: 2056–1057.

Al-Ghamdy S.M.G. , Al-Harby A.S. . Hepatitis C virus sero-status in hemodialysis patients returning from holiday: another risk factor for HCV transmission. Saudi J Kidney Dis Transplant 2001; 12: 14–20.

Nakayama E. , Akiba T. , Marumo F. , Sato C. . Prognosis of anti-hepatitis C virus antibody-positive patients on regular hemodialysis therapy. J Am Soc Nephrol 2000; 11: 1896–902.

Stehman-Breen C. , Emerson S. , Gretch D. , Johnson R.J. . Risk of death among chronic dialysis patients infected with hepatitis C virus. Am J Kidney Dis 1998; 32: 629–34.

Espinosa M. , Martin-Malo A. , Alvarez de Lara M.A. , Alijama P. . Risk of death and liver cirrhosis in anti-HCV positive long-term haemodialysis patients. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2001; 16: 1669–74.

Mathurin P. , Mouquet C. , Poynard T. Impact of hepatitis B and C virus on kidney transplantation outcome. Hepatology 1999; 29: 257–63.

Stehman-Breen C.P. , Psaty B.M. , Emerson S. Association of hepatitis C virus infection with mortality and graft survival in kidney-pancreas transplant recipients. Transplantation 1997; 64: 282–6.

Fabrizi F. , Martin P. , Ponticelli C. . Hepatitis C virus infection and renal transplantation. Am J Kidney Dis 2001; 28: 919–34.

Fernandez J.L. , Rendo P. , Del Pino N. ., Nephrologists’ group for the study of HCV infection and L Viola. A double-blind controlled trial of recombinant interferon-α2b in haemodialysis patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection and abnormal aminotransferase levels. J Viral Hepat 1997; 4: 113–9.

Ellis M.E. , Alfurayh O. , Halim M.A. Chronic non-A, non-B hepatitis complicated by end-stage renal failure treated with recombinant interferon alpha. J Hepatol 1993; 18: 210–6.

Campistol J.M. , Esforzado N. , Esforzado N. , Martinez J. Efficacy and tolerance of interferon-α_2b in the treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus infection in haemodialysis patients. Pre- and post-renal transplantation assessment. Nephrol Dial Transplant 1999; 14: 2704–9.

Raptopoulou-Gigi M. , Spaia S. , Garifallos A. Interferon-α2b treatment of chronic hepatitis C in haemodialysis patients. Nephrol Dial Transplant 1995; 10: 1834–7.

Huraib S. , Tanimu D. , Romeh S.A. Interferon-α in chronic hepatitis C infection in dialysis patients. Am J Kidney Dis 1999; 34: 55–60.

Pol S. , Thiers V. , Carnot F. Efficacy and tolerance of α-2b interferon therapy on HCV infection of hemodialyzed patients. Kidney Int 1995; 47: 1412–8.

Pol S. , Thiers V. , Carnot F. Effectiveness and tolerance of interferon-α2b in the treatment of chronic hepatitis C in haemodialysis patients. Nephrol Dial Transplant 1996; 11(Suppl 4): S58–61.

Chan T.M. , Wu P.C. , Lau J.Y.N. , Lok A.S.F. , Lai C.L. , Cheng K.P. . Interferon treatment for hepatitis C virus infection in patients on haemodialysis. Nephrol Dial Transplant 1997; 12: 1414–9.

Koenig P. , Vogel W. , Umlauft F. Interferon treatment for chronic hepatitis C virus infection in uremic patients. Kidney Int 1994; 45: 1507–9.

Espinosa M. , Rodriguez M. , Martin-Malo A. Interferon therapy in hemodialysis patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection induces a high rate of long-term sustained virological and biochemical response. Clin Nephrol 2001; 55: 220–6.

Izopet J. , Rostaing L. , Moussion F. High rate of hepatitis C virus clearance in hemodialysis patients after interferon-therapy. J Infect Dis 1997; 176: 1614–7.

Ozylkan E. , Simsek H. , Uzinalimoglu B. , Telatar H. . Interferon treatment of chronic active hepatitis C in patients with end-stage chronic renal failure. Nephron 1995; 71: 156–9.

Fabrizi F. , Lunghi G. , Martin P. . Treatment of HCV-related liver disease in the dialysis population: a novel challenge for clinical nephrologists. Int J Artif Organs 2001; 24: 335–46.

Tan ACITL , Brouwer J.T. , Glue P. Safety of interferon and ribavirin therapy in haemodialysis patients with chronic hepatitis C: results of a pilot study. (Letter). Nephrol Dial Transplant 2001; 16: 193–5.

Degos F. , Pol S. , Chaix M.L. The tolerance and efficacy of interferon-alpha in haemodialysis patients with HCV infection: a multicentre, prospective study. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2001; 16: 1017–23.

Hanrotel C. , Toupance O. , Lavaud S. Virological and histological responses to one year alpha-interferon-2a in hemodialyzed patients with chronic hepatitis C. Nephron 2001; 88: 120–6.

Bruchfeld A. , Stahle L. , Andersson J. , Schvarcz R. . Interferon and ribavirin therapy in dialysis patients with chronic hepatitis C. (Letter). Nephrol Dial Transplant 2001; 16: 1729.

Dincer D. , Besisik F. , Oguz F. Genes of major histocompatibility complex class II influence chronic hepatitis C treatment with interferon in hemodialysis patients. Int J Artif Organs 2001; 24: 212–4.

Bruchfeld A. , Stahle L. , Andersson J. , Schvarcz R. . Ribavirin treatment in dialysis patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection - a pilot study. J Viral Hepat 2001; 8: 287–92.

Gürsoy M. , Gur G. , Arslan H. , Ozdemir N. , Boyacioglu S. . Interferon therapy in haemodialysis patients with acute hepatitis C virus infection and factors that predict response to treatment. J Viral Hepat 2001; 8: 70–7.

Casanovas-Taltavull T. , Baliellas C. , Benasco C. Efficacy of interferon for chronic hepatitis C virus-related hepatitis in kidney transplant recipient candidates on hemodialysis: results after transplantation. Am J Gastroenterol 2001; 96: 1170–7.

Huraib S. , Iqbal A. , Tanimu D. , Abdullah A. . Sustained virological and histological response with pretransplant interferon therapy in renal transplant patients with chronic viral hepatitis C. Am J Nephrol 2001; 21: 435–40.

Tokumoto T. , Tanabe K. , Ishikawa N. Effect of interpheron-alpha treatment in hemodialysis patients and renal transplant recipients with chronic hepatitis C. Transplant Proc 1999; 31: 2887–9.

Rostaing L. , Chatelut E. , Payen J.L. Pharmacokinetics of alfa IFN-2b in chronic hepatitis C virus undergoing chronic hemodialysis or with normal renal function: clinical implications. J Am Soc Nephrol 1998; 9: 2344–8.

Uchihara M. , Izumi N. , Sakai Y. Interferon therapy for chronic hepatitis C in hemodialysis patients: increased serum levels of interferon. Nephron 1998; 80: 51–6.

Izzedine H. , Lebon P. , Launay-Vacher V. , Hamani A. , Deray G. . Tolerance and pharmacokinetics of high doses of interpheron-alpha-2a in a hemodialysis patient. (Letter). Nephron 2001; 87: 91–2.

Pol S. , Zylberberg H. , Fontaine H. , Brechot C. . Treatment of chronic hepatitis C in special groups. J Hepatol 1999; 31(Suppl 1): S205–9.

Viladomiu L. , Genesca L. , Esteban J.I. Interferon-alpha in acute posttransfusion hepatitis C: a randomized, controlled trial. Hepatology 1992; 15: 767–9.

Tassopoulos N.C. , Koutelou M.G. , Papatheoridis G. Recombinant human interferon alfa-2b treatment for acute non-A, non-B hepatitis. Gut 1993; 34(Suppl 2): S130–2.

Lampertico P. , Rumi M. , Romeo R. A multicenter randomized controlled trial of recombinant interferon-alpha 2b in patients with acute transfusion-associated hepatititis C. Hepatology 1994; 19: 19–22.

Li X.W. . A report on therapy of interferon A-2b in patients with acute hepatitis. Chin J Int Med 1993; 32: 409–11.

Hwang S.J. , Lee S.D. , Chan C.Y. , Lu R.H. , Lo K.J. . A randomized controlled trial of recombinant interferon alfa-2b in the treatment of Chinese patients with acute post-transfusion hepatitis C. J Hepatol 1994; 21: 831–6.

Palmovic D. , Kurelac I. , Crnjakovic-Palmovic J. . The treatment of acute post-transfusion hepatitis C with recombinant interferon-alpha. Infection 1994; 22: 222–3.

Alberti A. , Chemello L. , Belussi F. Outcome of acute hepatitis C and role of alpha interferon therapy. In: Nishioka K. , Suzuki H. , Mishiro S. , Oda T. , eds. Viral hepatitis and liver disease. Tokyo, Japan: Springer-Verlag, 1994; 604–6.

Omata M. , Takano S. . A randomised controlled trial of interferon-α treatment of acute hepatitis C. In: Nishioka K. , Suzuki H. , Mishiro S. , Ota T. , eds. Viral hepatitis and liver disease. Tokyo, Japan: Springer-Verlag, 1994: 601–3.

Ohnishi K. , Nomura F. , Nakano M. . Interferon therapy for acute posttransfusion non-A, non-B hepatitis: response with respect to anti-hepatitis C virus antibody status. Am J Gastroenterol 1991; 86: 1041–9.

Takano S. , Satomura Y. , Omata M. ., Japan Acute Hepatitis Cooperative Study Group. Effects of interferon beta on non-A, non-B acute hepatitis: a prospective, randomized, controlled-dose study. Gastroenterology 1994; 107: 805–11.

Fukui S. , Tohyama H. , Iwabuchi S. . Interferon therapy for acute hepatitis C: changes in serum markers associated with HCV and clinical effects. Jap J Clin Med 1994; 52: 1847–52.

Vogel W. , Grazladei I. , Umlauft F. High-dose interferon-α 2b treatment prevents chronicity in acute hepatitis C. A pilot study. Dig Dis Sci 1996; 41(Suppl): S81–5.

Poynard T. , Leroy V. , Cohard M. Meta-analysis of interferon randomized trials in the treatment of viral hepatitis C. Effects of dose and duration. Hepatology 1996; 24: 778–9.

Camma C. , Almasio P. , Craxi A. . Interferon as treatment for acute hepatitis C: a meta-analysis. Dig Dis Sci 1996; 41: 1248–55.

Quin J.W. . Interferon therapy for acute hepatitis C viral infection – a review by meta-analysis. Aust NZ J Med 1997; 27: 611–8.

Toyoda H. , Kumada T. , Nakano S. Quasispecies nature of hepatitis C virus and response to alpha interferon: significance as a predictor of direct response to interferon. J Hepatol 1997; 26: 6–13.

Pawlotsky J.M. , Pellerin M. , Bouvier M. Genetic complexity of the hypervariable region 1 (HVR1) of hepatitis C virus (HCV): influence on the characteristics of the infection and responses to interferon alfa therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis C. J Med Virol 1998; 54: 256–4.

Lopez-Labrador F.X. , Ampurdanes S. , Gimenez-Barcons M. Relationship of the genomic complexity of hepatitis C virus with liver disease severity and response to interferon in patients with chronic HCV genotype 1b infection. Hepatology 1999; 29: 897–903.

Weiner A. , Erickson A.L. , Kansopon J. Persistent hepatitis C virus infection in a chimpanzee is associated with emergence of a cytotoxic T lymphocyte escape variant. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1995; 92: 2755–9.

Chang K.M. , Rechermann B. , McHutchison J.G. Immunological significance of cytotoxic T lymphocyte epitope variants in patients chronically infected by the hepatitis C virus. J Clin Invest 1997; 100: 2376–85.

Poynard T. , Marcellin P. , Lee S.S. , Niederau C. , Minuk G.S. , Ideo G. , Bain V. , Heathcote J. , Zeuzem S. , Trepo C. , Albrecht J. ., for the International Hepatitis Interventional Therapy Group. Randomised trial of interferon α2b plus ribavirin for 48 weeks or for 24 weeks versus interferon α2b plus placebo for 48 weeks for treatment of chronic infection with hepatitis C virus. Lancet 1998; 352: 1426–32.

McHutchison J.G. , Gordon S.C. , Schiff E.R. , Shiffman M.L. , Lee W.M. , Rustgi V.K. , Goodman Z.D. , Ling M.H. , Cort S. , Albrecht J.K. ., for The Hepatitis Interventional Therapy Group. Interferon alfa-2b alone or in combination with ribavirin as initial treatment for chronic hepatitis C. N Engl J Med 1998; 339: 1485–92.

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Inada Y. , Furukawa M. , Sasaki H. Biomedical and biotecnological applications of PEG and PM-modified proteins. Trends Biotechnol 1995; 13: 86–91.

Wang Q.C. , Pai L.H. , Debinski W. , Fitzgerald D.J. , Pastan I. . Polyethylene glycol-modified chimeric toxin composed of transforming growth factor alpha and Pseudomonas exotoxin. Cancer Res 1993; 53: 4588–94.

He X.H. , Shaw P.C. , Tam S.C. . Reducing the immunogenicity and improving the in vivo activity of trichosanthin by site-directed pegylation. Life Sci 1999; 65: 355–68.

Glue O. , Rouzier-Panis R. , Raffanel C. , Sabo R. , Gupta S.K. , Jacobs S. , Clement R.P. ., and The Hepatitis C Intervention Therapy Group. A dose-ranging study of pegylated interferon alfa-2b and ribavirin in chronic hepatitis C. Hepatology 2000; 32: 647–53.

Reddy K.R. . Controlled-release, pegylation, liposomal formulations: new mechanisms in the delivery of injectable drugs. Ann Pharmacother 2000; 34: 915–23.

Martin P. , Mitra S. , Farrington K. , Martin N.E. , Modi M.W. . Pegylated (40KDA) interferon alfa-2a (Pegasys^™) is unaffected by renal impairment. (Abstract). Gastroenterology 2001; 842.

Zeuzem S. , Feinman S.V. , Rasenack J. Peginterferon alfa-2a in patients with chronic hepatitis C. N Engl J Med 2000; 343: 1666–72.

Lindsay K. , Trepo C. , Heintges T. A randomised, double-blind trial comparing pegylated interferon alpha-2b to interferon alpha 2b as initial treatment for chronic hepatitis C. Hepatology 2001; 34: 395–403.

Manns M.P. , McHutchison J.G. , Gordon S.C. , Rustgi V.K. , Shiffman M. , Reindollar R. , Goodman Z.D. , Koury K. , Ling M.H. , Albrecht J.K. and The International Hepatitis Interventional Therapy Group. Peginterferon alfa-2b plus ribavirin compared with interferon alfa-2b plus ribavirin for initial treatment of chronic hepatitis C: a randomised trial. Lancet 2001; 358: 958–65.