Fifty-four femoral neck stress fractures were studied prospectively to evaluate treatment methods. Fifty-four fractures in 49 patients were identified in a 4 year prospective study that included 1,049 stress fractures of all types. From our evaluation of treatment methods, a modification of existing classification systems was developed based on radiographic findings and treat ment. Differences from earlier studies were noted in racial diversity, in nonprogression of tension-side frac tures, and in return to function.
Belding RH: Stress fractures of the femoral neck. Orthop Trans4(3): 377, 1980
3.
Black J.: Failure of implants for internal hip fixation. Orthop Clin North Am5(4): 833-845, 1974
4.
Blickenstaff LD, Morris JM: Fatigue fracture of the femoral neck. J Bone Joint Surg48A: 1031-1047, 1966
5.
Cady GW, White ES, Lapoint JM: Displaced fatigue fractures of the femoral neck. J Bone Joint Surg57A: 1022, 1975
6.
Clement DB Tibial stress syndrome in athletes. J Sports Med2: 81-85, 1974
7.
Devas MB: Stress fractures of the femoral neck. J Bone Joint Surg47B: 728-738, 1965
8.
Devas MB: Stress Fractures. Edinburgh, Churchill Livingstone, 1975, p 113
9.
Emst J. Stress fracture of the neck of the femur. J Trauma4: 71-83, 1964
10.
Evans GF Mechanical Properties of Bone. Springfield, IL , Charles C Thomas, 1973, p 172
11.
Frankel VH: Editonal comment Am J Sports Med6: 396, 1978
12.
Greaney RB, Gerber FH, Laughlin RL, et al: Distribution and natural history of stress fractures in U S Marine recruits. Radiology146: 339-346, 1983
13.
Hajek BS, Noble HB Stress fractures of the femoral neck in Joggers. J Sports Med10: 112-116, 1982
14.
Hallel T., Amit S., Segal D.: Fatigue fractures of tibial and femoral shaft in soldiers Clin Orthop118: 35-43, 1976
15.
Kaltsas D-S. : Stress fractures of the femoral neck in young adults. J Bone Joint Surg63B: 33-37, 1981
16.
Lombardo SJ , Benson D. Stress fractures of the femur in runners. Am J Sports Med10: 219-227, 1982
17.
Meurman Koa , Elfring S. Stress fracture in soldiers: A multifocal bone disorder. Radiology134: 483-487, 1980
18.
Meyers MH, Harvey JP, Jr, Moore TM: Treatment of displaced subcapital and transcervical fractures of the femoral neck by muscle-pedicle bone graft and internal fixation. J Bone Joint Surg55A: 257-274, 1973
19.
Milgrom C., Chisin R., Giladi M., et al: Negative bone scans in impending tibial stress fractures. A report of three cases Am J Sports Med12: 488-491, 1984
20.
Norfray JF, Schlachter L., Kernahan W., Jr, et al: Early confirmation of stress fractures in joggers. JAMA243: 1647-1649, 1980
21.
Pankovich AM : Primary internal fixation of femoral neck fractures . Arch Surg110: 20-26, 1975
22.
Prather JL, Nusynowitz ML, Snowdy HA, et al: Scintigraphic findings in stress fractures. J Bone Joint Surg59A: 869-874, 1977
23.
Scully TJ, Besteiman JR Stress Fracture - A Preventable Training Injury. Monograph from Orthopaedic and Rehabilitation Department, William Beaumont Army Medical Center, El Paso, Texas, p 3
24.
Taunton JE, Clement DB, Webber D.: Lower extremity stress fractures in athletes. Physician Sportsmed9(1): 77-81, 85-86, 1981
25.
Wilcox JR, Moniot AL, Green JP: Bone scanning in the evaluation of exercise-related stress injuries . Radiology123: 699-703, 1979
