Hamstring/quadriceps ratios were assessed on 60 in tercollegiate football players at functional speeds of 90, 180, and 300 deg/sec on the Cybex II. The ratio rose as velocity of exercise increased and the quadriceps was stronger than the hamstrings at all speeds. The flexor/extensor ratio differed bilaterally at all speeds with ratio lower for the dominant knee.
The study helped establish normative data on ham string/quadricep ratios on football players at functional speeds. Furthermore, the ratio provides a guide to observe muscle imbalances which could be a factor in injury.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
BMDP-Biomedical Computer Statistical Software Berkeley , University of Califorma Press, 1981
2.
Cailliet R.: Knee Pain and Disability Philadelphia, F A Davis, 1980
3.
Caiozzo VJ, Perrine JJ, Edgerton VR Training-Induced alterations of the in vivo force-velocity relationship of human muscle. J Appl Physiol51750-54, 1981
4.
Cambell DE, Glenn W. Rehabilitation of knee flexor and extensor muscle strength in patients with meniscectomies, ligamentous repairs, and chondromalacia Phys Ther6210-15, 1982
5.
Ethendge GL, Mayhew JL, Piper FC: Isokinetic leg strength characteristics of male and female college athletes Presented at the National Athletic Traner's Association, St Louis, Missouri, June19, 1979
6.
Garzione J., Merrifield, HH Bilateral isokinetic force measurements of the quadriceps and hamstring muscle groups at various velocities. American Association for Health, Physical Education and Recreation, Houston, Texas, 1972
7.
Gilliam :TB, Sady SP, Freedson PS, Villanacci J. lsokinetic torque levels for high school football players Arch Phys Med Rehab60. 110-114, 1979
8.
Goslin BR, Charteris J. Isokinetic dynamometry Normative data for clinical use in lower extremity (knee) cases Scand J Rehab Med11105-109, 1979
9.
Halling AH, Dooley JN The importance of isokinetic power and its specificity to athletic conditions Ath Training1483-86, 1979
10.
Hinson M., Rosentsweig J. Companng the three best ways of developing strength Scholastic Coach41. 34-43, 1972
11.
Hunter S., Cain TE, Hentry C. Preseason isokinetic knee evaluation in professional football players Ath Training14. 205-206, 1979
12.
Knuttgen JG Neuromuscular Mechanisms for Therapeutic and ConditionIng Exercise Baltimore, University Park Press , 1976
13.
Miller C. lsokinetics—another fad or is it here to stay? The Ath J55 20, 74,1974
14.
Moffroid MT , Whipple R. Specificity of speed In exercise Phys Ther55' 1098-1104,1970
15.
Moffroid MT , Whipple R., Hofkosh J., Lowman E., Thistle H. A study of isoknetic exercise. Phys Ther49735-747, 1969
16.
Murray P., Baldwin JM, Gardner M., Sepic S., Downs WG Maximum isometric knee flexor and extensor muscle contractions Phys Ther57. 637-643,1977
17.
Osternig, LR Relative influence of torque and limb speed on power production in isokinetic exercise Presented at the American College of Sports Medicine, Minneapolis, Minnesota, May 26, 1982
18.
Rankin JM, Thompson CB, Armstrong W. Isokinetic evaluation of men and women Intercollegiate athletes Presented at the American College of Sports Medicine, Minneapolis, Minnesota, May 28, 1982
19.
Thistle HG, Hislop HJ, Moffroid M., Low E.: Isokinetic contraction A new concept of resistive exercise Arch Phys Med Rehab48279-282, 1967
20.
Wilmore HJ Athletic Training and Physical Fitness Boston, Allyn and Bacon,1977
21.
Wyatt MP, Edwards AM Compansons of quadriceps and hamstnng torque values during isokinetic exercise J Orthop Sports Phys Ther348-56, 1981
