"Toot- Toot" or spectator sports. Psychological and therapeutic implications

Abstract

Get full access to this article

View all access options for this article.

References

Berkowitz L. , Alioto JT: The meaning of an observed event as a determinant of its aggressive consequences. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 28(2): 206-217, 1973.

Goldstein JH , Arms RL: Effects of observing athletic contests on hostility. Sociometry 34: 83-90, 1971.

Hasorf AH, Cantril H.: They saw a game: a case study. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology 49: 129-134, 1954.

Lou Bello story-Durham Morning Herald, April 6, 1975, page 10, jumped to inside to page 5C.

Lorenz K.: On Aggression. New York: Harcourt, Brace and World, 1966.

Berkowitz L. : The contagion of violence: an S-R mediational analysis of some effects of observed aggression. Nebraska Symposium on Motivation 18: 95-135, 1970.

Berkowitz L. : Some aspects of observed aggression. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 2: 359-369, 1965.

Feshbach S.: The stimulating versus cathartic effects of a vicarious aggressive activity . Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology 63: 381-385, 1961.

Feshbach S.: The drive reducing function of fantasy behavior. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology 50: 3-11, 1955.

10.

Feshbach S. : The catharsis hypothesis and some consequences of interaction with aggressive and neutral play objects. Journal of Personality 24: 449-462, 1956.

11.

Bramel D.: The attraction and reduction of hostility. In: J. Mills (Ed.) Experimental Social Psychology . New York: MacMillan, 33-63, 1969.

12.

Berkowitz L. : Words and symbols as stimuli to aggressive responses. In: J. F. Knutson (Ed.) Control of Aggression: Implications from Basic Research. Chicago, III.: Aldine-Atherton, 1972.

13.

Mann Leon: On being a sore loser: how fans react to their team's failure. Australian Journal of Psychology 26(1): 37-47, 1974.

14.

Heller MS, Polsky S., Bernstein L.: Some effects of television violence on vulnerable children. Scientific Proceedings in Summary Form of The One Hundred and Twenty-Eighth Annual Meeting of the American Psychiatric Association, Anaheim Convention Center, Anaheim, Calif ., May 5-9, 1975. pp. 107-108.