BrinjikjiWLuetmerPHComstockB, et al. Systematic review and meta-analysis of MRI findings in asymptomatic populations. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2015;36(4):811-816. doi:10.3174/ajnr.A4173
2.
FardonDFWilliamsALDohringEJet al. Lumbar disc nomenclature: version 2.0. Recommendations of the combined task forces of the North American Spine Society, American Society of Spine Radiology, and American Society of Neuroradiology. Spine J. 2014;14(11):2525-2545. doi:10.1016/j.spinee.2014.04.022
3.
FeuerriegelGCMeyerDFitzeDP, et al. Longitudinal assessment of intersegmental abnormalities in the lumbar spine of adolescent competitive alpine skiers over 48 months. Am J Sports Med. 2025;53(1):202-209. doi:10.1177/03635465241295384
4.
LiYFredricksonVResnickDK.How should we grade lumbar disc herniation and nerve root compression? A systematic review and proposed classification. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2015;473(6):1903-1912. doi:10.1007/s11999-014-3558-x