Abstract
This article uses the family correspondence and private writings of Robert Wirt, a young cadet at the U.S. Military Academy, to explore masculinity and adoles cence in antebellum America. While boys in previous generations assumed they would simply follow in their fathers' footsteps, the Jacksonian era offered new opportunities—for failure as well as success. Forced to find their own—not their fathers'—route to self sufficiency, middle-class white males in nineteenth-century America experienced a turbulent adolescence that was foreign to their parents' experience. Robert Wirt's life sheds light on important themes in family history, including coming-of-age, homosocial friendship, and rebellion against parental authority.
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