Administrative censuses of the Southern Cheyenne Indians from 1880,1891, and
1900 permit family reconstitution, identification of residence groups, and comparisons of fertility
between monogamous and polygynous women, when the records are approached by ethnohistori
cal methods. This approach includes an awareness of the aboriginal adoption practices, kinship
system, and naming practices. It is argued that the biases and distortions of administrative records
can be effectively corrected to add to our store of information on band and tribal societies.
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