Observers of rural Basque society have regularly contended that its basic
social unit is the stem family household associated with the baserria system of agricultural
production. The stem family household has long been an object of speculation, and its
sanctity and preservation was a common theme in Basque literature. A close analysis of
the population records of the village of Echalar in Navarre, making use of both synchronic
and longitudinal analysis, suggests that the stem family household was indeed realized
regularly in Echalar, and the fact of its statistical minority at any one point in time was
due more to demographic limitations rather than to the presence of a competing family
ethos.
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