Dissociation: Definition,Diagnosis,Manifestations,and Therapy,with Special Reference to Cults/Sects

Abstract

The author defines dissociation historically and cites contemporary professional perceptions of this phenomenon. Diagnosis, developmental stages, and manifestations of dissociation are illustrated through case histories. The importance of heeding our social, cultural, and psychiatric heritage is stressed. Understanding dissociation can be of use to therapists in their therapeutic relationships and in other communications. Expressions of dissociation are listed, and the ways that these are manipulated by cults/sects are described, including how gurus or leaders exploit adepts through heightened dissociation that results from awakening early memories of abuse. In treatment, the therapist's task is to help survivors of trauma and abuse differentiate the self from dissociated parts. In conclusion, the author suggests that the goal in therapy is to reach reassociation of parts or parts of ego states that have become dissociated through stress.