The history of transactional analysis (TA) as an approach to psychotherapy is at least twenty-five years old. Adherents of TA advocate its use for improving marital relationships as well as for use with individual clients. Some psychotherapy researchers take the position that psychotherapeutic approaches and techniques should not be used without empirical support for their usefulness. A review of the research literature found little empirical support for the effectiveness or ineffectiveness of TA in improving marital relationships. Methodological problems in these studies, all of which used group designs, are discussed, and the use of single-case designs is advocated.
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