Reviews and describes various concepts of ego states proposed by Eric Berne and other TA theorists. Suggests the four basic models of ego states to be the conceptual, the structural, the functional, and the second-order structural. Considers each in terms of specific content, inter-relations with other models, utility, and most appropriate application. Identifies strengths and limitations of each in illustrating such ego state pathologies as contamination and exclusion.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
BerneE.Transactional analysis in psychotherapy. New York: Grove Press, 1961.
2.
BerneE.Games people play. New York: Grove Press, 1964.
ErnstF.Psychological rackets in the OK corral. Transactional Analysis Journal, 1973, 3 (2).
11.
GouldingR., & GouldingM.Impasses. Voices, 1974.
12.
HarrisT.I'm OK—you're OK. New York: Harper & Row, 1967.
13.
HollowayW.H.Transactional analysis: An integrative view. In BarnesG. (ed.) Transactional Analysis After Eric Berne: Teachings and Practices of Three TA Schools. New York: Harper's College Press, 1977.
14.
JamesM., & JongewardD.Born to win. Reading, Mass.: Addison-Wesley, 1971.
15.
JoinesV.Differentiating structural and functional. Transactional Analysis Journal, 1976, 6 (4).
16.
KahlerT. with CapersH.The miniscript. Transactional Analysis Journal, 1974, 4 (1).
SchiffJ. with DayB.All my children. Philadelphia: M. Evans, 1970.
19.
SchiffJ., Cathexis reader. New York: Harper & Row, 1975.
20.
SteinerC.Games alcoholics play. New York: Grove Press, 1971.
21.
SteinerC.The pig parent. Transactional Analysis Journal, 9 (1). Note: The term Pig Parent was first used by Hogie Wyckoff in: Problem solving groups for women. Readings in Radical Psychiatry. SteinerC. (ed.) New York: Grove Press, 1977.
22.
StuntzE.Second order structure of the parent. Transactional Analysis Journal, 1972, 2 (2).
23.
WoollamsS.Transactional analysis in clinical practice. In BarnesG. (ed.) Transactional Analysis After Eric Berne: Teachings and Practices of Three TA Schools. New York: Harper's College Press, 1977.
24.
WoollamsS., & BrownM.Transactional analysis. Dexter, MI: Huron Valley Institute Press, 1978.
