This response to Cristina Caizzi's article “Embodied Trauma: Using the Subsymbolic Mode to Access and Change Script Protocol in Traumatized Adults” offers further thoughts about the impact of torture on victims. Also discussed briefly are the effects of trauma on victims of deliberately inflicted pain, intimidation, and threats to survival both physical and psychological. The author focuses on treatment issues, the long-lasting nature of symptoms resulting from trauma, and the impact on helping professionals who are confronted with the human capacity for cruelty and violence toward others.
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References
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