The author describes his particular approach to deconfusion of primitive Child ego states. The theory presented consists of an integration of psychoanalysis and transactional analysis. Therapeutic principles are described from a relational perspective.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
AlexanderF., & FrenchT. (1946). Psychoanalytic therapy: Principles and applications. New York: Ronald Press.
2.
AronL. (1996). A meeting of minds: Mutuality in psychoanalysis. Hillsdale, NJ: The Analytic Press.
3.
BentallR. (2004). Madness explained: Psychosis and human nature. London: Penguin.
4.
BionW. (1967). Second thoughts: Selected papers on psycho-analysis. London: Karnac Books.
5.
CaperR. (2002). Psychopathology and primitive mental states. In WilliamsP. (Ed.), Key papers on borderline disorders with IJP internet discussion reviews (pp. 161–180). London: Karnac Books.
6.
ClarkB. D. (1991). Empathic transactions in the deconfusion of child ego states. Transactional Analysis Journal. 21, 92–98.
7.
CooperS. H., & LevitD. B. (1998). Old and new objects in Fairbairnian and American relational theory. Psychoanalytic Dialogues, 8, 603–624.
8.
DeYoungP. (2003). Relational psychotherapy: A primer. New York: Routledge.
9.
EigenM. (1986). The psychotic core. Northvale, NJ: Jason Aronson.
10.
ErskineR. (1988). Ego structure, intrapsychic function, and defense mechanisms: A commentary on Eric Berne's original theoretical concepts. Transactional Analysis Journal. 18. 15–19.
11.
ErskineR. (1991). Transference and transactions: Critique from an intrapsychic and integrative perspective. Transactional Analysis Journal, 21, 63–76.
12.
ErskineR. (1993). Inquiry, attunement, and involvement in the psychotherapy of dissociation. Transactional Analysis Journal, 23, 184–190.
13.
ErskineR. (1996, June). Integrative psychotherapy training workshop. Sponsored by Sherwood Psychotherapy Training Institute, London.
14.
ErskineR. G., MoursundJ. P., & TrautmannR. L. (1999). Beyond empathy: A therapy of contact-in-relationship. Philadelphia: Brunner/Mazel.
15.
FairbairnR. W. D. (1952). Psycho-analytic studies of the personality. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.
16.
FreudS. (1958). Formulations on the two principles of mental functioning. In StracheyJ. (Ed. & Trans.), The standard edition of the complete psychological works of Sigmund Freud (Vol. 12, (pp. 35–44). London: Penguin. (Original work published 1911)
17.
GillM. (1982). Analysis of transference (Vol. 1 of Theory and technique). Madison, CT: International Universities Press.
18.
GlasserM. (1979). Some aspects of the role of aggression in the perversions. In RosenI. (Ed.), Sexual deviations (pp. 278–305). New York: Oxford University Press.
19.
GlasserM. (1993). “The weak spot”–Some observations on male sexuality. In BreenD. (Ed.), The gender conundrum: Contemporary psychoanalytic perspectives on femininity and masculinity (pp. 212–227). London: Routledge.
20.
GreensonR. R. (1967). The technique and practice of psychoanalysis (Vol. 1). London: Hogarth Press and the Institute of Psycho-Analysis.
21.
GuntripH. (1968). Schizoid phenomena, object relations and the self. London: Hogarth Press.
22.
HedgesL. (1994). Working the organizing experience: Transforming psychotic, schizoid, and autistic states. Northvale, NJ: Jason Aronson.
23.
HowellE. F. (2002). Back to the states: Victim and abuser states in borderline personality disorder. Psychoanalytic Dialogues: A Journal of Relational Perspectives, 12, 921–958.
24.
KernbergO. F. (1975). Borderline conditions and pathological narcissism. New York: Jason Aronson.
25.
KernbergO. F. (1984). Severe personality disorders: Psychotherapeutic strategies. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
26.
KleinM. (1975a). Notes on schizoid mechanisms. In KleinM., Envy and gratitude and other works (pp. 1–24). London: Karnac Books. (Original work published 1946)
27.
KleinM. (1975b). On the theory of anxiety and guilt. In KleinM., Envy and gratitude and other works (25–42]. London: Karnac Books. (Original work published 1948)
28.
LefevreD. (2001, 8 December). Psychotherapy with psychosis. Presentation given at the conference “Psychotherapeutic Work with Psychosis,” sponsored by CONFER, London.
29.
LittleM. (1981). Transference neurosis and transference psychosis: Toward basic unity. New York: Jason Aronson.
30.
LittleR. (2001). Schizoid processes: Working with the defenses of the withdrawn child. Transactional Analysis Journal, 31, 33–43.
31.
LittleR. (2004). Ego state relational units and resistance to change. Transactions: The Journal of the Institute of Transactonal Analysis, 1, 3–10.
32.
MahlerM. S., PineF., & BergmanA. (1975). The psychological birth of the human infant: Symbiosis and individuation. London: Maresfield.
33.
MastersonJ. F. (1976). Psychotherapy of the borderline adult: A developmental approach. New York: Brunner/ Mazel.
34.
MastersonJ. F. (1988). The search for the real self: Unmasking the personality disorders of our age. New York: The Free Press.
35.
McWilliamsN. (1994). Psychoanalytic diagnosis: Understanding personality structure in clinical process. New York: Guilford Press.
36.
ModellA. H. (1986). A narcissistic defence against affects and the illusion of self-sufficiency. In MorrisonA. P. (Ed.), Essential papers on narcissism (pp. 293–307). New York: New York University Press. (Original work published 1975)
37.
NovellinoM. (1984). Self-analysis of countertransference in integrative TA. Transactional Analysis Journal, 14, 63–67.
38.
OgdenT. (1979). On projective identification. International Journal of Psycho-Analysis, 60, 357–373.
39.
OgdenT. (1982). Projective identification and psychotherapeutic technique. London: Jason Aronson.
40.
OgdenT. (1989). The primitive edge of experience. London: Jason Aronson.
41.
RosenfeldH. (1987). Impasse and interpretation. London: Routledge.
42.
RosenfeldH. (2001). Herbert Rosenfeld at work: The Italian seminars (De MasiF., Ed.). London: Karnac Books.
43.
SearlesH. (1988). Transference psychosis in the psychotherapy of chronic schizophrenia. In BuckleyP. (Ed.), Essential papers on psychosis (pp. 177–232). New York: New York University Press. (Original work published 1963)
44.
SegalH. (1973). Introduction to the work of Melanie Klein. London: Karnac Books.
45.
SeinfeldJ. (1993). The bad object: Handling the negative therapeutic reaction in psychotherapy. Northvale, NJ: Jason Aronson.
46.
SeinfeldJ. (1996). Containing rage, terror, and despair: An object relations approach to psychotherapy. Northvale, NJ: Jason Aronson.
47.
SteinerJ. (1993). Psychic retreats: Pathological organisations in psychotic, neurotic and borderline patients. London: Routledge.
48.
SternS. (1994). Needed relationships and repeated relationships: An integrated relational perspective. Psychoanalytic Dialogues, 4, 317–345.
49.
StolorowR. D. (1994). The nature and therapeutic action of psychoanalytic interpretation. In StolorowR. D., AtwoodG. E., & BrandchaftB. (Eds.), The intersubjective perspective (pp. 43–55). Northvale, NJ: Jason Aronson.
50.
VaillantG. E. (1977). Adaptation to life. Boston: Little, Brown.
51.
WilliamsP. (Ed.). (2002). Key papers on borderline disorders with UP internet discussion reviews. London: Karnac Books.
52.
WinnicottD. W. (1958). Transitional objects and transitional phenomena. In WinnicottD. W., Collected papers: Through paediatrics to psycho-analysis (pp. 229–242). London: Tavistock. (Original work published 1951)
53.
YoungR. M. (2001, 29 September). Psychoanalytic understanding of psychosis versus psychiatric classification. Presentation given at the “Psychotherapeutic Work with Psychosis” Conference sponsored by CONFER, London.