Travel time information is becoming more important for applications ranging from congestion measurement to real-time travel information. Several advanced techniques for travel time data collection are discussed, including electronic distance-measuring instruments (DMIs), computerized and video license plate matching, cellular phone tracking, automatic vehicle identification (AVI), automatic vehicle location (AVL), and video imaging. The various advanced techniques are described, the necessary equipment and procedures are outlined, the applications of each technique are discussed, and the advantages and disadvantages are summarized. Electronic DMIs are low in cost but typically limited to congestion monitoring applications. Computerized and video license plate matching are more expensive and would be most applicable for congestion measurement and monitoring. Cellular phone tracking, AVI, and AVL systems may require a significant investment in communications infrastructure, but they can provide real-time information. Video imaging is still in testing stages, with some uncertainty about costs and accuracy.
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