A study was conducted on a mechanistically based overlay design procedure that incorporates the in situ pavement layer modulus values evaluated by deflection-based nondestructive testing using falling weight deflectometer data. The proposed overlay design procedure addresses the seasonal variation in the state of Idaho and adjusts the modulus values accordingly. The performance of the pavement is calculated in terms of critical strains based on the elastic multilayer theory. The study adopts the Asphalt Institute fatigue and rutting failure criteria to calculate the life of the pavement. Damage analysis is performed based on the past and expected future traffic to calculate the required overlay thickness. The procedure developed has been implemented in an event-driven, user-friendly computer program FLEXOLAY, which runs in the DOS environment. The program was tested and compared with other overlay design methods using pavement sections from the state of Idaho. The overlay thickness determined by FLEXOLAY was found to be close to some of the existing methods and far from others, depending on the existing pavement conditions.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
Materials Manual, Section 16-530.2 on Flexible Overlay of Flexible Pavement, rev. ed. Idaho Transportation Department, Boise, 1994.
2.
Asphalt Overlays for Highways and Street Rehabilitation, 2nd ed. Asphalt Institute Manual Series, MS-17. Asphalt Institute, Lexington, Ky.
3.
AASHTO Guide for Design of Pavement Structures.AASHTO, Washington D.C., 1993.
4.
EVERPAVE User's Guide.Washington State Transportation Center, University of Washington, Seattle, 1987.
BayomyF. M., and ShahZ. R.. Development of Recommendations and Guidelines for Pavement Rehabilitation Design Procedure for the State of Idaho—Phase 1: Software Evaluation and Data Analysis. Report 92-35-112. Idaho Transportation Department, Boise, 1993.
7.
Microcomputer Program: MODULUS, Version 4.0.Texas Transportation Institute, College Station, 1990.
8.
EVERCALC User's Guide.Washington State Transportation Center, University of Washington, Seattle, 1987.
9.
Al-KandariF.Mechanistic Based Overlay Design Procedure for Idaho Flexible Pavements. M.S. thesis. University of Idaho, Moscow, 1994.
10.
BayomyF. M.Installation and Operation of FLEXOLAY 1.10. Interim Report FC 95-60. National Center of Advanced Transportation Technology, University of Idaho, Moscow, 1995.
11.
HuangY. H.Pavement Analysis and Design.Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, N.J., 1993.
12.
SeedH. B., MitryF. G., MonismithC. L., and ChanC. K.. Factors Influencing the Resilient Deformation of Untreated Aggregate Base in Two-Layer Pavements Subjected to Repeated Loading. In Highway Research Record 190, HRB, National Research Council, Washington D.C., 1967, pp. 19–57.
13.
SeedH. B., ChanC. K., and LeeC. E.. Resilient Characteristics of Sub-grade Soils and Their Relation to Fatigue Failures in Asphalt Pavements. Proc., International Conference on the Structural Design of Asphalt Pavements, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 1962, pp. 611–636.
14.
Research and Development of the Asphalt Institute Thickness Design Manual (MS-1), 9th ed. Report 82-2. Asphalt Institute, Lexington, Ky.
15.
RadaG. R., RichterC. A., and StephanosP. J.. Layer Moduli From Deflection Measurements: Software Selection and Development of SHRP's Procedure for Flexible Pavements. Beltsville, Md., 1991.
16.
Shell Pavement Design Manual—Asphalt Pavements and Overlays for Road Traffic.Shell International Petroleum, London, England, 1987.
17.
RutherfordM. S.Pavement Response and Load Restrictions on Spring Thaw-Weakened Pavements. In Transportation Research Record 1252, TRB, National Research Council, Washington D.C., 1989, pp. 1–11.
18.
PierceL. M., JacksonN. C., and MahoneyJ. P.. Development and Implementation of a Mechanistic, Empirically Based Overlay Design Procedure for Flexible Pavements. In Transportation Research Record 1388, TRB, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., pp. 120–128.
19.
SebaalyP. E., SiddharthanR., and SchoenerP.. Development of Nevada's Overlay Design Procedure. Presented at the 73rd Annual Meeting of the Transportation Research Board, Washington D.C., 1994.
20.
WitczakM. W.Design of Full Depth Asphalt Airfield Pavements. Proc., 3rd International Conference on the Structural Design of Asphalt Pavements, London, England, Vol. 1, 1972, pp. 550–567.
21.
HallT. K., DarterM. I., and ElliottR. P.. Revision of AASHTO Pavement Overlay Design Procedures. In Transportation Research Record 1374, TRB, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., 1992, pp. 36–47.
22.
FinnF., SarafC. L., KulkarniR., NairK., SmithW., and AbdullahA.. NCHRP Report 291: Development of Pavement Structural Subsystems.TRB, National Research Council, Washington D.C., 1986, 59 pp.
23.
SmithR. E., DarterM. I., and LyttonR. L.. Mechanistic Overlay Design Procedures Available to the Design Engineer. In Transportation Research Record 1060, TRB, National Research Council, Washington D.C., 1986, pp. 75–83.
24.
ThomsonM. R., and HoffmanM. S.. Concepts for Developing an NDT-Based Design Procedure for Determining Asphalt Concrete Overlay Thickness. In Transportation Research Record 930, TRB, National Research Council, Washington D.C., 1983, pp. 12–18.
25.
FinnF. N., and MonismithC. L.. NCHRP Synthesis of Highway Practice 116: Asphalt Overlay Design Procedures.TRB, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., 1984, 66 pp.
26.
MajidzadehK., IlvesG. J., and MayR. W.. Overlay Design of Flexible Pavements: OAF Program. In Transportation Research Record 930, TRB, National Research Council, Washington D.C., 1983, pp. 18–25.
27.
MamloukS. M., ZaniewskiJ. P., HoustonW. N., and HoustonS. L.. Overlay Design Method for Flexible Pavements in Arizona. In Transportation Research Record 1286, TRB, National Research Council, Washington D.C., 1990, pp. 112–122.
