Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Texas with High-Volume Fly Ash Concrete

Abstract

The objective of this study was to determine the potential for reductions in carbon dioxide emissions in Texas by substituting high volumes of fly ash in concrete production and to identify the resulting benefits and challenges. Researchers reviewed the literature and determined that high-volume fly ash can improve the properties of both fresh and hardened concrete. It can improve workability, heat of hydration, strength, permeability, and resistance to chemical attack. Researchers compiled data from 18 power plants located throughout Texas and determined that 6.6 million tons of fly ash are produced annually in Texas and about 2.7 million tons (or 40%) are generally sold for use in concrete or other end products. Researchers estimated the production of concrete in Texas and determined that if 60% of the portland cement used in Texas concrete production were replaced with fly ash, carbon dioxide emissions could be reduced by 6.6 million tons annually by the year 2015. More education is needed for design engineers and for the concrete industry regarding the performance and environmental benefits that can be realized through increased use of fly ash in concrete.