Optimizing Traffic Signal Timing through Network Decomposition

Abstract

A signal control system named Real-Time/Internal Metering Policy to Optimize Signal Timing (RT/IMPOST) has been under development for several years. It is designed to compute signal timing plans for the entire range of operating conditions from under- to oversaturation for control systems ranging from first generation (GEN 1) to highly responsive advanced traffic management systems. The different flow regimes of urban traffic control are reviewed. Then the focus is on the treatment to develop cycle-based signal timing plans for inclusion in the data libraries referenced by GEN 1 real-time traffic control systems for the undersaturated-flow regime. This approach decomposes a grid network into its constituent arterial subsystems in a way that is responsive to user-specified priorities. The user may define and rank the arterial systems subsumed within a grid network so as to satisfy strategic objectives responsive to traffic demand patterns and local needs. The procedure computes optimal signal timing plans for all these arterial subsystems in a priority-ranked sequence and integrates these arterial-based timing plans to form a networkwide signal timing plan. Field and simulation test results are presented. The field tests confirm that the IMPOST timing plans improved the operational performance of traffic along an arterial system in New York State relative to a fine-tuned existing control. The simulation studies compared the performance of traffic responding to IMPOST signal timing plans with that responding to Synchro 6.0 signal timing plans. The benefits of network decomposition and of arterial priority ranking are also documented.