The production of gaseous oxygen when hydrogen peroxide interacts with tissue is a well-known phenomenon that has been reported as a rare cause of gas embolism. We present the case of an 11-month-old infant who sustained an immediate cardiorespiratory arrest following the use of this agent during a minor surgical procedure. Clinical features, radiological findings and the rapid response to resuscitation were strongly suggestive of major gas embolism. Adverse effects of inappropriate use of hydrogen peroxide, and the diagnosis and management of these problems are discussed.
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