Cardiovascular Collapse after Combined Spinal Anaesthesia and Interscalene Brachial Plexus Block

Winnie A.P. Interscalene brachial plexus block. Anesth Analg 1970; 49: 455–466.

Covino B.G. Clinical pharmacology of local anaesthetic agents. In: Cousins M.J. , Bridenbaugh P.O. , eds. Neural Blockade, 2nd ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott 1988; 111–144.

Durrani Z. , Winnie A.P. Brainstem toxicity with reversible lockedin syndrome after interscalene brachial plexus block. Anesth Analg 1991; 72: 249–252.

Edde R.R. , Deutsch S. Cardiac arrest after interscalene brachialplexus block. Anesth Analg 1977; 56: 446–447.

Kumar A. , Battit G.E. , Froese A.B. Bilateral cervical and thoracic epidural blockade complicating interscalene brachial plexus block: report of two cases. Anesthesiology 1971; 35: 650–652.

Scammel S.J. Inadvertent epidural anaesthesia as a complication of brachial plexus block. Anaesth Intens Care 1979; 7: 56–57.

Cook L.B. Unsuspected extradural catheterization in an interscalene block. Br J Anaesth 1991; 67: 473–475.

Greene N.M. , Brull S.J. Physiology of spinal anaesthesia. 4th ed. Baltimore, Williams and Wilkins, 1993.

Lim E.K. Inter-scalene brachial plexus block in the asthmatic patient. Anaesthesia 1979; 34: 370.

Thiagarajah S. , Lear E. , Azar I. , Salzer J. , Zeiligsohn E. Broncho-spasm following interscalene brachial plexus block. Anesthesiology 1984; 61: 759–761.

Al-Khafaji J.M. , Ellias M.A.Y. Incidence of Horner syndrome with interscalene brachial plexus block and its importance in the management of head injury. Anesthesiology 1986; 64: 127.

Bridenbaugh P.O. , Greene N.M. Spinal (subarachnoid) neural blockade. In: Cousins M.J. , Bridenbaugh P.O. , eds. Neural Blockade, 2nd ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott 1988; 213–251.

Cousins M.J. , Bromage P.R. Epidural neural blockade. In: Cousins M.J. , Bridenbaugh P.O. , eds. Neural Blockade, 2nd ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott 1988; 253–360.

Scott D.B. “Maximum recommended doses” of local anaesthetic drugs. Br J Anaesth 1989; 63: 373–374.

Berne R.M. , Levy M.N. Electrical activity of the heart. In: Cardiovascular Physiology, 5th ed. St Louis: C. V. Mosby, 1986.

Hoffman B.F. , Bigger T. Jr. Digitalis and allied cardiac glycosides. In: Goodman and Gilman's the pharmacological basis of therapeutics, 8th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill 1991; 814–839.

Inberg P. , Tarkkila P.J. , Neuvonen P.J. , Vilkki S. Regional anesthesia for microvascular surgery: A combination of brachial plexus, spinal, and epidural blocks. Reg Anesth 1993; 18: 98–102.