Inspiratory Work Imposed by Demand Valve Ventilator Circuits

Abstract

The inspiratory work (W_I) imposed by three commonly used demand valve ventilator circuits was studied using a lung model to simulate spontaneous ventilation. The CPU-1 and Engstrom Erica circuits recorded W_I of 379 mJ/l and 190 mJ/l respectively. A negative W_I of −32 mJ/l was recorded for the Servo 900C, denoting that the circuit performed work on the lung. The demand valves recorded a time delay between inspiratory effort and onset of gas flow, of 300 ms (CPU-1), 190 ms (Servo 900c) and 160 ms (Engstrom Erica). Both the Servo 900C and Engstrom Erica demand valves were able to generate a high inspiratory gas flow response, but the CPU-1 lacked such a flow compensation. Expiratory work was also greatest with the CPU-1 (156 mJ/l) with 141 mJ/l and 90 mJ/l recorded for the Servo 900C and Engstrom Erica. Of the three ventilators studied, the Servo 900C appears to be the ventilator circuit of choice for spontaneous ventilation.