Thrombocytopenia and Platelet Functional Defects in Pre-Eclampsia: Implications for Regional Anaesthesia

Abstract

A prospective, observational study of forty pre-eclamptic patients was conducted to confirm or refute reports of a platelet functional defect superimposed on the consumptive thrombocytopenia of pre-eclampsia. Investigations included a platelet count, in vivo platelet function as assessed by a Duke bleeding time, and in vitro platelet function as assessed by thromboxane B₂ and Platelet Factor 3 (PF 3).

The overall incidence of thrombocytopenia was 15%. Prolonged bleeding time and slightly decreased availability of PF 3 (evidence of possible platelet dysfunction) was present in 2.5% of patients while 21% had evidence of fibrinolysis with an elevated monoclonal D-dimer.

In the assessment of suitability for regional blockade, a platelet count is essential. If the platelet count is between 50 and 100 × 10⁹/l a bleeding time is indicated.