Interpretation and Critical Appraisal of Journal Articles

Melmon K. , Morrelli H.F. Clinical pharmacology. 2nd ed New York, Macmillan 1978; 18–22.

Cooper E.A. Steps in the planning of a research project. Br J Anaesth 1970; 42: 757–763.

Gehlbach S.H. Interpreting the medical literature. Collamore Press, Lexington 1982; 17–99.

Cook T.D. , Campbell D.T. Quasi-Experimentation Design and analysis issues for field settings. Rand McNally, Chicago 1979; 1–36.

Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McMaster University Health Sciences Centre: How to read clinical journals: IV. To determine etiology of causation. Can Med Assoc J 1981; 124: 985–990.

Ross O.B. Use of controls in medical research. J Amer Med Ass 1951; 145: 72–75.

Lowenstein E. , Yusuf S. , Teplick R.S. Perioperative myocardial reinfarction: A glimmer of hope — A note of caution. Anesthesiology 1983; 59: 493–494.

Mainland D. Statistical ritual in clinical journals: is there a cure? I. Br Med J 1984; 288: 841–843.

Ferguson G.A. Statistical analysis in psychology and education. 5th ed. McGraw-Hill, New York 1981; 3–4.

Altman D.G. , Gore S.M. , Gardner M.J. , Pocock S.J. Statistical guidelines for contributors to medical journals. Br med J 1983; 286: 1489–1493.

Longnecker D.E. Support versus illumination: Trends in medical statistics. Anesthesiology 1982; 57: 73–74.

Siegel S. : Nonparametric statistics for the behavioral sciences. McGraw-Hill, New York 1956; 21–30.

Carpenter J. , Deloria D. , Morganstein D. Statistical software for microcomputers. A comparative analysis of 24 packages. Byte 1984; 9: 234–264.

Schwartz A.J. , Levy W.J. , Greenhow D.E. , Carroll J.G. , Taylor S.A. Anesthesiologists lack statistical knowledge. Anesthesiology 1983; 59: A472.

Glantz S.A. Biostatistics: How to detect, correct and prevent errors in the medical literature. Circulation 1980; 61: 1–7.

Stock M.C. On unusual values of PAD and PAOP. Anesth Analg 1984; 63: 89–90.

Mainland D. Statistical ritual in clinical journals: is there a cure? — 11 Br Med J 1984; 288: 920–922.

Cohen J. Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioural Sciences. Academic Press, New York; 1977.

Hirschmann J.V. : Medical references. N Engl J Med 1978; 299: 252–253.

Westheimer F. The Official Explanations. Dickson P. ed, Delacorte Press, New York 1980; 232.