Abstract
Corrective spinal surgery in children usually involves repeated and extensive operations. Endotracheal intubation may be difficult. Pulmonary function in these patients is often poor and pulmonary reserve minimal. Respiratory failure in the post-operative period is not uncommon and oxygen therapy, sometimes with intermittent positive pressure, is essential. Rapid and massive blood loss requires frequent and careful assessment and rapid replacement. Careful monitoring and active therapeutic measures are essential to prevent post-operative complications.