Abdelhakim, T. (1987) ‘Agriculture and State Policies in Egypt’ in N. Bourenane and T. Mkandaware [eds] The State and Agriculture in Africa.Codesria. London.
2.
Abdel-Fadil, Mahmoud (1975) Development, Income Distribution and Social Change in Rural Egypt (1952–1970): A Study in the Political Economy of Agrarian Transition.Cambridge University Press. Cambridge.
3.
Adams, Richard. Jnr. (1991) The Effects of International Remittances on Poverty, Inequality, and Development in Rural Egypt.International Food Policy Research Institute. Washington.
4.
Adams, Richard. Jnr. (1985) ‘Development and Structural Change in Rural Egypt, 1952–1982’, in World Development13. 6, pp. 705–723.
5.
Al-Ahram (in Arabic) 7 February 1992
6.
Al-Ahram Weekly, various issues.
7.
Al Sayyid, Mustafa Kamel (1990) Privatization: The Egyptian Debate. Cairo Papers in Social Science. vol.13, monograph 4, Winter. Cairo.
8.
Baroudi, Sami (1993) ‘Egyptian agricultural exports since 1973’, The Middle East Journal, vol. 47, no. 1, Winter.
9.
Butter, David (1992) ‘Egypt’, Middle East Economic Digest, Special Report, 26 June.
10.
Central Agency for Population Mobilisation and Statistics (1991) Statistical Year Book 1991.Arab Republic of Egypt. Cairo.
11.
Chomsky, N. (1969) American Power and the new Mandarins.Penguin. London.
12.
Choueiri, Youssef (1991) ‘Syria and Egypt and the spoils of war’ in John Gittings [ed] Beyond the Gulf War: The Middle East and the New World Order. Catholic Institute for International Relations in association with The Gulf Conference Committee. London.
13.
Commander, Simon (1984) ‘The Politics of Food Production and Distribution in Egypt: A survey of Developments since 1973’. Overseas Development Institute Working Paper no. 14. London.
14.
Cooper, Mark (1982) The Transformation of Egypt.Croom Helm. London.
15.
Economist Intelligence Unit (1992) Country Report no. 1, Egypt. London.
16.
Eilts, Hermann F. (1988) ‘The United States and Egypt’ in William Quandt [ed] The Middle East Ten Years after Camp David.The Brookings Institution. Washington, DC.
17.
El-Shennawy, M.A. (1982) ‘Conclusions and Recommendations from the Conference on the Development of Egyptian Agricultural Exports’ mimeo. Agricultural Development Systems Project, Ministry of Agriculture and University of California.
18.
Friedmann, Harriet (1982) ‘The Political Economy of food: the rise and fall of the postwar international food order’, in Michael Burawoy and Theda Skocpol [eds], Marxist Enquiries, The American Journal of Sociology, 88 (special supplement) pp. S248–S282.
19.
Friedmann, Harriet (1992) ‘Distance and durability: shaky foundations of the world food economy’, Third World Quarterly, vol.13, no.2, pp. 371–383.
20.
Friedmann, Harriet (1993) ‘The Political Economy of Food: a Global Crisis’, New Left Review197, Jan–Feb, pp. 29–57.
21.
Friedmann, H. and P. McMichael (1989) ‘Agriculture and the State System, The rise and decline of national agricultures, 1870 to the present’, Sociologia Ruralis14, pp. 93–118.
22.
Gayoso, Antonio (1991) ‘Introduction from AID officials’ to The Transition to Democracy, Proceedings of a workshop, Commission on Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education National Research Council.National Academy Press. Washington, DC.
23.
Gibbon, P., Y. Bangura and A. Ofstad [eds] (1992) Authoritarianism, Democracy and Adjustment: The Politics of Economic Reform in Africa.The Scandinavian Institute of African Studies, Seminar Proceedings no.26. Uppsala.
24.
Gouda, Abdel-Khalek (1988) Stabilisation and Adjustment Policies and Programmes: Egypt.World Institute for Development Economics Research. Finland.
25.
Handoussa, Heba (1991) ‘Crisis and Challenge: Prospects for the 1990s’ in Heba Handoussa and Gillian Potter [eds] Employment and Structural Adjustment: Egypt in the 1990s.American University Press, Cairo.
26.
Handoussa, Heba and Gillian Potter [eds] (1991) Employment and Structural Adjustment: Egypt in the 1990s.American University Press, Cairo.
27.
Harris, Lillian Craig [ed] (1988) Egypt: Internal Challenges and Regional Stability. Chatham House Papers 39, Royal Institute of International Affairs. London.
28.
Harris, Lillian Craig [ed] (1988a) ‘Conclusions’, in Harris [ed] Egypt: Internal Challenges and Regional Stability. Chatham House Papers 39, Royal Institute of International Affairs. London.
29.
Healey, John and Mark Robinson (1992) Democracy, Governance and Economic Policy.Overseas Development Institute, London.
30.
Hussein, Adil (1981) The Egyptian Economy from Independence to Dependency, 1974–1979.Dar al-Kalimah lil-Nashr. Beirut.
31.
International Labor Office (1991) The Challenge of Job Creation in Egypt: Report of the ILO Multidisciplinary Mission on Return Migrants from the Gulf.ILO, Geneva.
32.
Joffe, George (1993) ‘Foreign investment and economic liberalization in the Middle East’, in Niblock and Murphy [eds] Economic and Political Liberalization in the Middle East.British Academic Press, London.
33.
Lipton, Michael (1991) ‘Market Relaxation and Agricultural Development’ in Christopher Colclough and James Manor [eds] States or Markets? Neo liberalism and the Development Policy Debate.Clarendon Press. Oxford.
34.
Nada, Atef Hanna (1991) The Impact of Temporary International Migration on Rural Egypt. Cairo Papers in Social Science, vol.14, Monograph 3, Fall. Cairo.
35.
Niblock, Tim and Emma Murphy [eds] (1993) Economic and Political Liberalization in The Middle East.British Academic Press, London.
36.
Niblock, Tim (1993) ‘International and domestic factors in the economic liberalization process in Arab countries’, in Niblock and Murphy [eds] Economic and Political Liberalization in The Middle East.British Academic Press, London.
37.
Middle East Economic Digest, various issues.
38.
Middle East Watch, (1992) Behind Closed Doors: Torture and Detention in Egypt.New York.
39.
Mitchell, Tim (1991) ‘America's Egypt, Discourse of the development industry’, in Middle East Report, March-April
40.
Morsy, Soheir A. (1986) ‘US Aid to Egypt: An illustration and account of US Foreign Assistance Policy’ in Arab Studies Quarterly, vol.8, Fall, pp. 358–389.
41.
Mustapha, Samir M. (n.d.) ‘American Food Aid and its Impact on the Egyptian Economy’, The Institute of National Planning, Memo 1328, mimeo. Cairo.
42.
Refaat, Essam (1991) ‘Egypt charts new economic path’, in Africa Recoveryvol.5, no.4, December, pp. 30–35.
43.
Richards, Alan (1991) ‘Agricultural Employment, Wages and Government Policy During and after the Oil Boom’ in H. Handoussa and G. Potter [eds] Employment and Structural Adjustment: Egypt in the 1990s.American University Press, Cairo.
44.
Richards, Alan (1993) ‘Economic Imperatives and political systems’, The Middle East Journal, vol.47, no.2, Spring.
45.
Richards, Alan and John Waterbury (1990) A Political Economy of the Middle East: State, Class and Economic Development.Westview Press. Boulder, US.
46.
Seddon, David (1990) ‘The Politics of Adjustment: Egypt and the IMF, 1987–1990’, Review of African Political Economy47, Spring, pp. 95–104.
47.
Springborg, Robert (1991) ‘State-Society Relations in Egypt: The Debate over Owner-Tenant relations’, in The Middle East Journal, vol.45, no.2, Spring.
48.
Sullivan, Denis J. (1990) ‘The Political Economy of Reform in Egypt’, International Journal of Middle East Studies, 22, pp. 317–334.
49.
The Independent, 29 March 1993.
50.
The Middle East, various issues.
51.
Thomson, Anne M. (1983) ‘Egypt: Food Security and Food Aid’ Food Policy, August.
52.
Tullis, F.L. and W. L. Hollist [eds)] (1986) Food, the State and International Political Economy.University of Nebraska Press. Lincoln.
53.
Quandt, William B. [ed] (1988) The Middle East Ten Years after Camp David.The Brookings Institution. Washington DC.
54.
Quandt, William B. [ed] (1990) The United States and Egypt: An Essay on Policy for the 1990s.The Brookings Institution. Washington DC.
55.
UNDP/FAO/IBRD (1986) Mission to Review the Technical Assistance Requirements in the Agriculture and Food Security Sector. Background Paper, 8 Jan–5 Feb. Cairo.
56.
USAID Congressional Presentation Fiscal Year 1992. Washington DC.
57.
USAID Congressional Report 1992. Washington DC.
58.
US Economic Assistance to Egypt, Status Report (1990) April. Washington DC.
59.
United States Embassy (1991) Foreign Economic Trends, April. Cairo.
60.
Vatikiotis, P.J. (1991) The History of Modern Egypt: From Muhammad Ali to Mubarak.4th edn.Weidenfeld & Nicolson, London.
61.
Waterbury, John (1984) The Egypt of Nasser and Sadat: The Political Economy of Two Regimes.Princeton University Press. Princeton, US.
62.
Waterbury, John (1989), ‘The Political Management of Economic Adjustment and Reform’ in, Joan M. Nelson and contributors, Frazile Coalitions: The Politics of Economic Adjustment. Third World Policy Perspectives, no.12, Overseas Development Council. New Brunswick, US.
63.
Waterbury, John (1991) ‘Twilight of the State Bourgeoisie?’, International Journal of Middle East Studies, 23, pp. 1–17.
64.
Waterbury, John (1992) ‘The Heart of the Matter? Public enterprise and the adjustment process’, in Stephen Haggard and Robert R. Kaufman [eds] The Politics of Adjustment.Princeton University Press. New Jersey.
65.
Wallerstein, M.B. (1980) Food for War—Food for Peace: US Food Aid in a Global Context.MIT Press. Cambridge MA, & London.
66.
Wallenstein, Peter (n.d.) ‘Scarce Goods as Political Weapons: The Case of Food’ Journal of Peace Research13, pp. 287–298.
67.
Weinbaum, M.G. (n.d.) ‘The Interface of western and patrimonial bureaucracies: US Economic Aid to Egypt 1975–83’. University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, mimeo. USAID Library, Cairo.
68.
World Bank (1989) Sub-Saharan Africa: From Crisis to Sustainable Growth.Oxford University Press. Oxford.
69.
World Bank (1989a) Trends in Developing Economies.Washington.
70.
World Bank (1991) World Development Report.Oxford University Press, Oxford.
71.
World Bank (1992) World Development Report.Oxford University Press, Oxford.
