Tropical rain forests

Aide, T.M. 1988: Herbivory as a selective agent on the timing of leaf production in a tropical understory community. Nature 336, 574-75.

Alexander, I. 1989: Mycorrhizas in tropical forests. In Proctor, J. , editor, Mineral nutrients in tropical forest and Savanna ecosystems, Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 169-88.

Arentz, F. 1988: Stand-level dieback etiology and its consequences in the forests of Papua New Guinea. GeoJournal 17, 209-15.

Babbar, L.I. and Ewel, J.J. 1989: Descomposición del follaje en diversos ecosistemas sucesionales tropicales. Biotropica 21, 20-29.

Bagyaraj, D.J. 1989: Mycorrhizas. In Lieth, A. and Werger, M.J.A. , editors, Ecosystems of the world 14B: tropical rain forest ecosystems, Oxford: Elsevier, 537-46.

Baillie, I.C. 1989: Soil characteristics and classification in relation to the mineral nutrition of tropical wooded ecosystems. In Proctor, J. , 15-26.

Bihari, M. and Lal, C.B. 1989: Species composition, density and basal cover of tropical rainforests of Central Sumatra. Tropical Ecology 30, 118-37.

Brokaw, N.V.L. and Scheiner, S.M. 1989: Species composition in gaps and structure of a tropical forest. Ecology 70, 538-41.

Brown, I.F. et al. 1989: Measurement of atmospheric deposition at tree canopy level in a subtropical premontane wet forest, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Biotropica 21, 15-19.

Bruijnzeel, L.A. 1989a: Nutrient cycling in moist tropical forests: the hydrological framework. In Proctor, J., 383-415. 1989b: Nutrient content of bulk precipitation in south-central Java, Indonesia. Journal of Tropical Ecology 5, 187-202. 1989c: Deforestation and dry season flow in the tropics: a closer look. Journal of Tropical Forest Science 1, 229-43.

Bruijnzeel. L.A. and Bremner, C.N. 1989: Highland-lowland interactions in the Ganges Brahmaputra river basin: a review of published literature. Kathmandu , Nepal: Mountain Development.

Burnham, C.P. 1989: Pedological processes and nutrient supply from parent material in tropical soils. In Proctor, J. , 27-41.

Cassells, D.S. , Bonell, M. , Gilmour, D.A. and Valentine, P.S. 1988: Conservation and management of Australia's tropical rainforests: local realities and global responsibilities. Proceedings of the Ecological Society of Australia 15, 313-26.

Cavelier, J. and Goldstein, G. 1989: Mist and fog interception in elfin cloud forests in Columbia and Venezuela. Journal of Tropical Ecology 5, 309-22.

Chazdon, R.L. , Williams, K. and Field, C.B. 1988: Interactions between crown structure and light environment in five rain forest Piper species. American Journal of Botany 75, 1459-71.

Cherrett, J.M. 1989: Leaf-cutting ants. In Lieth, H. and Werger, M.J.A. , 473-88.

Clark, D.B. and Clark, D.A. 1989: The role of physical damage in the seedling mortality regime of a neotropical rain forest. Oikos 55, 225-30.

Coley, P.D. and Aide, T.M. 1989: Red coloration of tropical young leaves: a possible antifungal defence? Journal of Tropical Ecology 5, 293-300.

Colvinvaux, P.A. 1989: The past and future Amazon. Scientific American 260 (5), 68-74.

Crutzen, P.J. 1987: Role of the tropics in atmospheric chemistry. In Dickinson, R.E. , 107-30.

Dantas, M. and Phillipson, J. 1989: Litterfall and litter nutrient content in primary and secondary Amazonian terra firme rain forest. Journal of Tropical Ecology 5, 27-36.

De Steven, D. 1989: Genet and ramet demography of Oenocarpus mapora ssp. mapora, a clonal palm of Panamanian tropical moist forest. Journal of Ecology 77, 579-86.

Dickinson, R.E. , editor, 1987: The geophysiology of Amazonia: vegetation and climate interactions. New York: John Wiley.

Dickinson, R.E. and Virji, H. 1987: Climate change in the humid tropics, especially Amazonia, over the last twenty thousand years. In Dickinson, R.E. , 91-101.

Dos Santos, J.M. 1987: Climate, natural vegetation, and soils in Amazonia: an overview. In Dickinson, R.E. , 25-34.

Ernest, K.A. 1989: Insect herbivory on a tropical understory tree: effects of leaf age and habitat. Biotropica 21, 194-99.

Ewins, P.J. and Bazely, D.R. 1989: Jungle law in Thailand's forests. New Scientist 124 (1691), 42-45.

Fearnside, P.M. 1987: Causes of deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon. In Dickinson, R.E. , 37-61.

Fowler, S.V. , Chapman, P. , Checkley, D. , Hurd, S. , McHale, M. , Ramangason, G.S. , Randriamasy, J.E. , Stewart, P. , Walters, R. and Wilson, J.M. 1989: Survey and management proposals for a tropical deciduous forest reserve at Ankarana in Northern Madaagascar. Biological Conservation, 297-313.

Furch, K. and Klinge, H. 1989: Chemical relationships between vegetation, soil and water in contrasting inundation areas of Amazonia. In Proctor, J. , 189-204.

Gradstein, R. , Koek-Noorman, J. and Maas, P. 1988: Tropical botany: introduction. Taxon 37, 514.

Greller, A.M. and Balasubramaniam, S. 1988: Vegetational composition, leaf size, and climatic warmth in an altitudinal sequence of evergreen forests in Sri Lanka (Ceylon). Tropical Ecology 29, 121-45.

Grubb, P.J. 1989: The role of mineral nutrients in the tropics: a plant ecologist's view. In Proctor, J. , 417-39.

Harriss, R.C. 1987: Influence of a tropical forest on air chemistry. In Dickinson, R.E. , 163-73.

Hart, J.B. , Hart, J.A. and Murphy, P.G. 1989: Monodominant and species-rich forests of the humid tropics: causes for their co-occurrence. American Naturalist 133, 613-33.

Hartshorn, G.S. 1989: Gap-phase dynamics and tropical tree species richness . In Holm-Nielsen, L.B. , Nielsen, I.C. and Balslev, H. , editors, Tropical forests: botanical dynamics, speciation and diversity, London: Academic Press, 65-73.

Healey, J.R. 1989: A bioassay study of soils in the Blue Mountains of Jamaica . In Proctor, J. , 273-87.

Heaney, A. and Proctor, J. 1989: Chemical elements in litter in forests in Volcán Barva, Costa Rica. In Proctor, J., 255-71.

Henderson-Sellers, A. 1987: Effects of change in land use on climate in the humid tropics. In Dickinson, R.E. , 463-93.

Henderson-Sellers, A. , Dickinson, R.E. and Wilson, M.F. 1988: Tropical deforestation: important processes for climatic models. Climatic Change 13, 43-67.

Holm-Nielsen, L.B. , Nielsen, I.C. and Balslev, H. 1989: Tropical forests: botanical dynamics, speciation and diversity . London: Academic Press.

Iawa , 1989: International Association of Wood Anatomists' Bulletin, NS 10, 97-174.

Irion, G. 1989: Quaternary geological history of the Amazon lowlands. In Holm-Nielsen, L.B. et al., 23-34.

Jacobi, J.D. , Gerrish, G. , Mueller-Dombois, D. and Whiteaker, L. 1988: Stand-level dieback and Metrosideros regeneration in the montane rain forest of Hawaii. GeoJournal 17, 193-200.

Jacoby, G.C. 1989: Overview of tree-ring analysis in tropical regions. International Association of Wood Anatomists' Bulletin, NS 10, 99-108.

Jawa, R.A. and Srivastava, P.B.L. 1989: Dispersal of natural regeneration in some Piai-invaded areas of mangrove forests in Sarawak. Forest Ecology and Management 26, 155-77.

Johnsingh, A.J.T. and Joshua, J. 1989: The threatened gallery forest of the river Tambiraparani, Mundanthurai Wildlife Sanctuary, South India. Biological Conservation 47, 273-80.

Junk, W.J. 1989: Flood tolerance and tree distribution in central Amazonian floodplains. In Holm-Nielsen, L.B. et al., 47-64.

Kapos, V. 1989: Effects of isolation on the water status of forest patches in the Brazilian Amazon. Journal of Tropical Ecology 5, 173-85.

Kartawinata, K. , Jessup, T.C. and Vayda, A.P. 1989: Exploitation in Southeast Asia. In Lieth, H. and Werger, M.J.A. , 591-610.

Kauffman, J.B. , Uhl, C. and Cummings, D.L. 1988: Fire in the Venezuelan Amazon 1: fuel biomass and fire chemistry in the evergreen rainforest of Venezuela. Oikos 53, 167-75.

Kira, T. and Yoda, K. 1989: Verical stratification in microclimate. In Leith, H. and Werger, M.J.A. , 55-71.

Kirkpatrick, J.B. , Fensham, R.J. , Nunez, M. and Bowman, D.M.J.S. 1988: Vegetation-radiation relationships in the wet-dry tropics: granite hills in northern Australia. Vegetatio 76, 103-12.

Kitching, R.L., editor, 1988: The ecology of Australia's wet tropics. Proceedings of the Ecological Society of Australia 15, Canberra.

Kursar, T.A. 1988: Evaluation of soil respiration and soil CO2 concentration in a lowland moist forest in Panama. Plant and Soil 113, 21-29.

Lal, R. 1988: Effects of macrofauna on soil properties in tropical ecosystems . Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 24, 101-16.

Lavelle, P. 1987: Biological processes and productivity of soils in the humid tropics. In Dickinson, R.E. , 175-223.

Lawton, R.M. 1989: The exploitation of the African rain forest and man's impact. In Lieth, H. and Werger, M.J.A. , 581-89.

Lee, D.W. 1989: Canopy dynamics and light climates in a tropical moist deciduous forest in India. Journal of Tropical Ecology 5, 65-79.

Lewis, A.R. 1988: Buttress arrangement in Pterocarpus officinalis (Fabaceae): effects of crown cosymmetry and wind. Biotropica 20, 280-85.

Lieberman, M. , Lieberman, D. and Vandermeer, J.H. 1988: Age-size relationships and growth behaviour of the palm Welfia georgii. Biotropica 20, 270-73.

Lieth, H. and Werger, M.J.A. 1989: Ecosystems of the World 14B. Tropical Rain Forest Ecosystems . Elsevier, Oxford.

Lloyd, C.R. , Gash, J.H.C. , Shuttleworth, W.J. and Marques, F.A. de O. 1988: The measurement and modelling of rainfall interception by Amazonian rain forest. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 43, 277-94.

Lu, J.P. and Liu, Q.H. 1988: Litter-fall in tropical forest at Jian-Fengling Mountains, Hainan Island. Acta Phytoecologica et Geobotanica Sinica 12, 104-12.

Lugo, A.E. 1988: The future of the forest. Environment 30, 17-20 and 41-45.

Marrs, R.H. , Proctor, J. , Heaney, A. and Mountford, M.D. 1988: Changes in soil nitrogen-mineralization and nitrification on an altitudinal transect in tropical rain forest in Costa Rica. Journal of Ecology 76, 466-82.

Medina, E. and Cuevas, E. 1989: Patterns of nutrient accumulation and release in Amazonian forests of the upper Rio Negro basin. In Proctor, J. , 217-40.

Molion, L.C.B. 1987a: Micrometeorology of an Amazonian rain forest. In Dickinson, R.E. , 255-72. 1987b: On the dynamic climatology of the Amazon Basin and associated rain-producing mechanisms. In Dickinson, R.E. , 341-407.

Montagnini, F. and Buschbacher, R. 1989: Nitrification rates in two undisturbed tropical rain forests and three slash-and-burn sites on the Venezuelan Amazon. Biotropica 21, 9-14.

Newton, P.N. 1988: The structure and phenology of a moist deciduous forest in the Central Indian Highlands. Vegetatio 75, 3-16.

Newton, A.C. and Healey, J.R. 1989: Establishment of Clethra occidentalis on stems of the tree-fern Cyathea pubescens in a Jamaican montane rain forest. Journal of Tropical Ecology 5, 441-45.

Nicholls-Orians, C.M. and Schultz, J.C. 1989: Leaf toughness affects leaf harvesting by the leaf cutter ant Atta cephalotes (L) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Biotropica 21,80-83.

Nicholson, D.I. , Henry, N.B. and Rudder, J. 1988: Stand changes in North Queensland rainforests. Proceedings of the Ecological Society of Australia 15, 61-80.

Núñez-Farfán, J. and Dirzo, R. 1989: Leaf survival in relation to herbivory in two tropical pioneer species. Oikos 54, 71-74.

O'Dowd, D.J. and Lake, P.S. 1989: Red crabs in rain forest, Christmas Island: removal and relocation of leaf-fall. Journal of Tropical Ecology 5, 337-48.

Okoje, J.A. , Borders, B.E. and Bailey, R.L. 1988: Forest composition and structure during a 27-year period of observation in an untreated secondary lowland rainforest in southwestern Nigeria. Forest Ecology and Management 24, 247-61.

Oldfield, S. 1988: Buffer zone management in tropical moist forests. Cambridge: International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources.

Osemeobo, G.J. 1988: The human causes of forest depletion in Nigeria. Environmental Conservation 15, 17-28.

Paegle, J. 1987: Interactions between convective and large-scale motions over Amazonia. In Dickinson, R.E. , 347-87.

Parnell, J.A.N. , Cronk, Q. , Wyse Jackson, P. and Strahm, W. 1989: A study of the ecological history, vegetation, and conservation management of Ile aux Aigrettes, Mauritius. Journal of Tropical Ecology 5, 355-74.

Pascal, J.P. , Ramesh, B.R. and Bourgeon, G. 1988: The 'Kan forests' of the Karnataka Plateau India: structure and floristic composition trends in the changes due to their exploitation. Tropical Ecology 29, 2-33.

Prance, G.T. and Campbell, D.G. 1988: The present state of tropical floristics. Taxon 37, 519-48.

Proctor, J. 1989: Mineral nutrients in tropical forest and savanna ecosystems , Oxford: Basil Blackwell.

Proctor, J. , Phillipps, C. , Duff, G.K. , Heaney, A. and Robertson, F.M. 1989: Ecological studies on Gunung Silam, a small ultrabasic mountain in Sabah, Malaysia II: some forest processes. Journal of Ecology 77, 317-31.

Putz, F.E. and Brokaw, N.V.L. 1989: Sprouting of broken trees on Barro Colorado Island, Panama . Ecology 70, 508-12.

Raich, J.W. and Christensen, N.L. 1989: Malaysian dipterocarp forest: tree seedling and sapling species composition and small-scale disturbance patterns. National Geographic Research 5, 348-63.

Raven, P.H. 1988: Tropical floristics tomorrow. Taxon 37, 549-60.

Richards, B.N. , Goosem, S.P. and O'Neill, J.J. 1988: Soil nitrogen mineralization under closed and open forests on Fraser Island. Proceedings of the Ecological Society of Australia 15, 191-202.

Richey, J.E. and Goes, M. de N. 1987: Element cycling in the Amazon Basin: a riverine perspective . In Dickinson, R.E. , 245-50.

Robertson, G.P. 1989: Nitrification and denitrification in humid tropical ecosystems: potential controls on nitrogen retention. In Proctor, J. , 55-69.

Robertson, G.P. and Tiedje, J.M. 1988: Deforestation alters denitrification in a lowland tropical rain forest. Nature 336, 756-59.

Sanchez, P.A. 1989: Soils. In Lieth, H. and Werger, M.J.A. , 73-88.

Schubert, C. 1988: Climatic changes during the last glacial maximum in northern South America and the Caribbean: a review. Interciencia 13, 128-37.

Schupp, E.W. 1988: Factors affecting post-dispersal seed survival in a tropical forest. Oecologia 76, 525-30.

Schupp, E.W. and Frost, A.E.J. 1989: Differential predation of Welfia georgii seeds in treefall gaps and the forest understory. Biotropica 21, 200-203.

Seiler, W. and Conrad, R. 1987: Contribution of tropical ecosystems to the global budgets of trace gases, especially CH4, H2, CO, and N2O. In Dickinson, R.E. , 133-62.

Sellers, P.J. 1987: Modeling effects of vegetation on climate. In Dickinson, R.E. , 297-342.

Shukla, J. 1987: General circulation modeling and the tropics. In Dickinson, R.E. , 409-58.

Smith, T.J. 1987: Seed predation in relation to tree dominance and distribution in mangrove forests. Ecology 68, 266-73. 1988: The influence of seed predators on structure and succession in tropical tidal forests. Proceedings of the Ecological Society of Australia 15, 203-11.

Smith, T.J. , Chan, H.T. , McIvor, C.C. and Robblee, M.B. 1989: Comparisons of seed predation in tropical, tidal forests from three continents. Ecology 70, 146-51.

Smythe, N. 1989: Seed survival in the palm Astrocaryum standleyanum: evidence for dependence upon its seed dispersers. Biotropica 21, 50-56.

Swaine, M.D. 1989: Population dynamics of tree species in tropical forests . In Holm-Nielsen, L.B. et al., 101-10.

Swift, M.J. and Anderson, J.M. 1989: Decomposition. In Leith, H. and Werger, M.J.A. , 547-80.

Tamai, S. and Patcharee, I. 1988: Establishment and growth of mangrove seedlings in mangrove forests of Southern Thailand. Ecological Research 3, 227-38.

Turton, S.M. 1989: Solar radiation regimes in a north Queensland rainforest . Proceedings of the Ecological Society of Australia 15, 101-105.

Uhe, G. 1988a: The composition of the plant communities inhabiting the volcanic ejecta of Yasour 'Tanna', New Hebrides. Tropical Ecology 29, 48-54. 1988b: The composition of the plant communities inhabiting the recent volcanic deposits of Maui and Hawaii, Hawaiian Islands. Tropical Ecology 29, 26-47.

Uhl, C. , Kauffman, J.B. and Cummings, D.L. 1988: Fire in the Venezuelan Amazon 2: Environmental conditions necessary for forest fires in the evergreen rainforest of Venezuela. Oikos 53, 176-84.

Unwin, G.L. , Applegate, G.B. , Stocker, G.C. and Nicholson, D.I. 1988: Initial effects of Tropical Cyclone 'Winifred' on forests in north Queensland. Proceedings of the Ecological Society of Australia 15, 283-96.

Vitousek, P.M. , Matson, P.A. and Turner, R.D.R. 1988: Elevational and age gradients in Hawaiian montane rainforest: foliar and soil nutrients. Oecologia 77, 565-70.

Vitousek, P.M. , Shearer, S. and Kohl, D.H. 1989: Foliar 15N natural abundance in Hawaiian rainforest: patterns and possible mechanisms. Oecologia 78, 383-85.

Walter, C.A. and Bien, A. 1989: Aerial root nodules in the tropical legume, Pentaclethra macroloba. Oecologia 80, 27-31.

Waterman, P.G. and McKey, D. 1989: Herbivory and secondary compounds in rainforest plants . In Lieth, H. and Werger, M.J.A. , 513-36.

Werner, W.L. 1988: Canopy dieback in the upper montane rain forests of Sri Lanka. Geojournal 17, 245-48.

West, P.W. , Stocker, G.C. and Unwin, G.L. 1989: Environmental relationships and floristic and structural change in some unlogged tropical rain forest plots of North Queensland. Proceedings of the Ecological Society of Australia 15, 283-96.

Willson, M.F. and Crome, F.H.J. 1989: Patterns of seed rain at the edge of a tropical Queensland rain forest. Journal of Tropical Ecology 5, 301-308.

Whitmore, T.C. 1989a: Guidelines to avoid remeasurement problems in permanent sample plots in tropical rain forests. Biotropica 21, 282-83. 1989b: The influence of tree population dynamics on forest species composition. In Davy, A., Hutchings, M.J. and Watkinson, A.R., editors, Plant population ecology, Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publications, 271-91. 1989c: Canopy gaps and the two major groups of forest trees. Ecology 70, 536-38. 1989d: Changes over twenty-one years in the Kolombangara rain forests. Journal of Ecology 77, 469-83.

Wyse Jackson, P.S. , Cronk, Q.C.B. and Parnell, J.A.N. 1988: Notes on the regeneration of two rare Mauritian endemic trees. Tropical Ecology 29, 98-106.

Yates, D.J. , Unwin, G.L. and Doley, D. 1988: Rainforest environment and physiology. Proceedings of the Ecological Society of Australia 15, 31-37.