Boundary roughness in coarse-grained channels

Allen, J.R.L. 1983: River bedform: progress and problems. In Collinson, J.D. and Lewin, J. , editors, Modern and ancient fluvial systems, Special Publication No. 6 of the International Association of Sedimentologists , Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 19-33.

Andrews, E.D. 1983: Entrainment of gravel from naturally sorted riverbed material. Bulletin of the Geological Society of America 94, 1225-31.

Ashworth, P.J. 1987: Bedload transport and channel change in gravel-bed rivers. Ph.D. thesis, University of Stirling, Scotland.

Ashworth, P.J. and Ferguson, R.I. 1986: Interrelationships of channel processes, changes and sediments in a proglacial river. Geografiska Annaler 68A, 361-71. 1989: Size-selective entrainment of bed load in gravel bed streams. Water Resources Research 25, 627-34.

Baker, V.R. and Ritter, D.F. 1975: Competence of rivers to transport coarse bedload material. Bulletin of the Geological Society of America 86, 975-78.

Bathurst, J.C. 1979: Distribution of boundary shear stress in rivers . In Rhodes, D.D. and Williams, G.P. , editors, Adjustments of the fluvial system, Jowa: Kendall/Hunt Publishing Co., 95-116.

1982 : Theoretical aspects of flow resistance. In Hey, R.D. , Bathurst, J.C. and Thorne, C.R. , editors, Gravel-bed rivers, Chichester: Wiley, 83-105.

Bathurst, J.C. , Graf, W.H. and Cao, H.H. 1982: Bedforms and flow resistance in steep gravel-bed channels . In Mutlu, S.B. and Muller, A. , editors, Mechanics of sediment transport Rotterdam: A.A. Balkema , 215-21.

Bluck, B.J. 1987: Bed forms and clast size changes in gravel bed rivers . In Richards, K.S. , editor, River channels: environment and process, Institute of British Geographers Special Publication, Oxford : Basil blackwell, 159-78.

Boothroyd, J.C. and Ashley, G. 1975: Process, bar morphology, and sedimentary structures on braided outwash fans, north-eastern Gulf of Alaska. In Jopling, A.V. and Mcdonald, B.C., editors, Glaciofluvial and glaciolacustrine sedimentation , Society of Economic Paloeontologists and Mineralogists Special Publication 23, 193-222.

Bray, D.I. 1980: Evaluation of effective boundary roughness for gravel-bed rivers. Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 7, 392-97.

1982 : Flow resistance in gravel-bed rivers. In Hey, R.D. , Bathurst, J.C. and Thorne, C.R. , editors, Gravel-bed rivers, Chichester: Wiley, 109-33.

Brayshaw, A.C. 1983: Bed microtopography and bedload transport in coarse-grained alluvial channels. Ph.D. thesis, University of London, England.

1984: The characteristics and origin of cluster bedforms in coarse-grained alluvial channels. In Koster C.H. and Stell, R.H. editors, Sedimentology of gravels and conglomerates, Canadian Society of Petroleum Geologists Memoir 10, 77-85. 1985: Bed microtopography and entrainment thresholds in gravel-bed rivers . Bulletin of the Geological Society of America 96, 218-23.

Bridge, J.S. and Dominic, D.F. 1984: Bed load grain velocities and sediment transport rates . Water Resources Research 20, 476-90.

Bridge, J.S. and Jarvis, J. 1982: The dynamics of a river bend : a study in flow and sedimentary processes, Sedimentology 29, 499-541.

Burkham, D.E. and Dawdy, D.R. 1976: Resistance equation for alluvial-channel flow. Journal of the Hydraulics Division, American Society of Civil Engineers 102, HY10, 1479-89.

Carling, P.A. 1983: Threshold of coarse sediment transport in broad and narrow natural streams. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 8, 1-18.

Carson, M.A. 1987: Measures of flow intensity as predictors of bed load. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, American Society of Civil Engineers 113, 1402-21.

Carson, M.A. and Griffiths, G.A. 1987: Bedload transport in gravel channels. Journal of Hydrology (New Zealand) 26, 1-151.

Church, M. , McLean, D.G. and Wolcott, J.F. 1987: River-bed gravels: sampling and analysis. In Thorne, C.R. , Bathurst, J.C. and Hey, R.D. , editors Sediment transport in gravel-bed rivers, Chichester: Wiley, 43-79.

Colosimo, C. , Copertino, V.A. and Veltri, M. 1986: Average velocity estimation in gravel-bed rivers . Proceedings, 5th Congress of Asian and Pacific Regional Division , IAHR, Seoul , Korea, Volume. II, 1-15.

1988: Friction factor evaluation in gravel-bed rivers. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, American Society of Civil Engineers 114, 861-76.

Dalcin, R. 1968: Pebble clusters: their interpretation and utilization in the study of paleocurrents. Sedimentary Geology 2, 233-41.

Davies, T.R.H. 1980: Bedform spacing and flow resistance. Journal of the Hydraulics Division, American Society of Civil Engineers 108, 343-60.

Dietrich, W.E. , Smith, J.D. and Dunne, T. 1984: Boundary shear stress, sediment transport and bed morphology in a sand-bedded river meander during high and low flow. In Elliott, C.M., editor, River, meandering: Proceedings of the Conference Rivers 83, American Society of Civil Engineers, 632-39.

Dyer, K.R. 1980: Velocity profiles over a rippled bed and the threshold of movement of sand. Estuarine and Coastal Marine Science 10, 181-99.

1986 : Coastal and estuarine sediment dynamics. Chichester: Wiley.

Einstein, H.A. and Banks, R.B. 1950: Fluid resistance of composite roughness. Transactions , American Geophysical Union 31, 603-10.

Ferguson, R.I. , Prestegaard, K.L. and Ashworth, P.J. 1989: Influence of sand on hydraulics and gravel transport in a braided gravel bed river. Water Resources Research 25, 635-43.

Griffiths, G.A. 1981: Flow resistance in coarse gravel bed rivers. Journal of the Hydraulics Division, American Society of Civil Engineers 107, HY7, 899-918. 1989: Form resistance in gravel channels with mobile beds. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, American Society of Civil Engineers 115, 340-55.

Gustavson, T.C. 1974: Sedimentation on gravel outwash fans, Malaspina Foreland Alaska. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology 44, 374-89.

Hammond, F.D.C. , Heathershaw, A.D. and Langhorne, D.N. 1984: A comparison between Shields' threshold criterion and the movement of loosely packed gravel in a tidal channel. Sedimentology 31. 51—62.

Heathershaw, A.D. and Langhorne, D.N. 1988: Observations of near-bed velocity profiles and seabed roughness in tidal currents flowing over sandy gravels. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 26, 459-82.

Hey, R.D. 1979: Flow resistance in gravel-bed rivers. Journal of the Hydraulics Division, American Society of Civil Engineers 105, HY4, 365-79.

1988: Bar form resistance in gravel-bed rivers. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, American Society of Civil Engineers 114, 1498-508.

Hey, R.D. and Thorne, C.R. 1983: Accuracy of surface samples from gravel bed material . Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, American Society of Civil Engineers 109, 842—51.

1986: Stable channels with mobile gravel beds. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, American Society of Civil Engineers 112, 671-89.

Jackson, P.S. 1981: On the displacement height in the logarithmic velocity profile. Journal of Fluid Mechanics 111, 15-22.

Keller, A. and Melhorne, N. 1978: Rhythmic spacing and origin of pools and riffles. Bulletin of the Geological Society of America 89, 723-30.

Komar, P.D. 1987a: Selective grain entrainment by a current from a bed of mixed sizes: a reanalysis. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology , 57 203-11.

1987b: Selective gravel entrainment and the empirical evaluation of flow competence. Sedimentology 34, 1165-76.

Koster, E.H. 1978: Transverse ribs: their characteristics, origin and palaeohydraulic significance. In Miall, A.D., editor, Fluvial sedimentology, Canadian Society of Petroleum Geologists Memoir 5, 161-86.

Langhorne, D.N. , Heathershaw, A.D. and Read, A.S. 1986: Gravel bedforms in the west Solent, Southern England . Geo-marine Letters, 225-30.

Laronne, J.B. and Carson, M.A. 1976: Interrelationships between bed morphology and bed material transport for a small gravel bed channel. Sedimentology 23, 67-85.

Leopold, L.B. , Wolman, M.G. and Miller, J.P. 1964: Fluvial processes in geomorphology. San Francisco: Freeman.

Limerinos, J.T. 1970: Determination of the Manning coefficient from measured bed roughness in natural channels. United States Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 1898-B.

McDonald, B.C. and Banerjee, I. 1971: Sediments and bed forms on a braided outwash plain . Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 8, 1282-301.

Meyer-Peter, E. and Mueller, R. 1948: Formulas for bed load transport. Report on the Second Meeting of the International Association of Hydraulic Structures Research , Stockholm, Sweden, 39-64.

Middelton, G.V. and Southard, J.B. 1984: Mechanics of sediment movement. Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists Short Course Number 3. 2nd Edition.

Miller, M.C. , McCave, LN and Komar, P.D. 1977: Threshold of sediment motion under unidirectional currents . Sedimentology 24, 507-27.

Milne, J.A. 1982: Bed forms and bend-arc spacings of some coarse-bedload channels in upland Britain. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 7, 227-40.

Mosley, M.P. and Tindale, D.S. 1985: Sediment variability and bed material sampling in gravel-bed rivers. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 10, 465-82.

Naden, P.M. and Brayshaw, A.C. 1987: Small and medium scale bedforms in gravel-bed rivers . In Richards, K.S. , editor, River channels: environment and process, Institute of British Geographers Special Publication, Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 249-71.

Nowell, A.R.M. and Church, M. 1979: Turbulent flow in a depth-limited boundary layer . Journal of Geophysical Research 84, 4816-24.

O'Loughlin, E.M. and Annambhotla, V.S.S. 1969: Flow phenomena near rough boundaries. Journal of Hydraulic Research 7, 231-50.

Parker, G. and Peterson, A.W. 1980: Bar resistance of gravel-bed streams. Journal of the Hydraulics Division, American Society of Civil Engineers 106, 1559—75.

Prestegaard, K.L. 1983: Bar resistance in gravel bed streams at bankfull stage . Water Resources Research 19, 472-76.

Reid, I. and Frostick, L.E. 1984: Particle interaction and its effect on the threshold of initial and final bedload motion in coarse alluvial channels. In Koster, G.H. and Stell, R.J.S. , editors, Sedimentology of gravels and conglomerates, Canadian Society of Petroleum Geologists Memoir 10. 61-68.

1986 : Turkey Brook bedload data-base. London : Birkbeck College, University of London.

Richards, K.S. 1976: The morphology of riffle-pool sequences. Earth Surface Processes 1, 71-88.

1982 : Rivers. Form and process in alluvial channels. London: Methuen.

1988: Fluvial geomorphology. Progress in Physical Geography 12, 435-56.

Robert, A. 1988a: Statistical modelling of sediment bed profiles and bed roughness properties in alluvial channels. Ph.D. thesis, University of Cambridge, England. 1988b: Statistical properties of sediment bed profiles in alluvial channels. Mathematical Geology 20, 205-25.

Romanovskiy, V.V. 1979: Bottom roughness of mountain streams. Soviet Hydrology Selected Papers 18, 296-300.

Shaw, J. and Kellerhals, R. 1977: Paleohydraulic interpretation of antidune bedforms with applications to antidune in gravels. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology 47, 257-66.

Smith, J.D. and McLean, S.R. 1977: Spatially averaged flow over a wavy surface. Journal of Geophysical Research 82, 1735—46.

Sutherland, A.J. and Williman, E.B. 1977: Development of armoured surfaces in alluvial channels . 6th Australasian Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics Conference. Adelaide, Australia, 352-55.

Teisseyre, A.K. 1977: Pebble clusters as a directional structure in fluvial gravels: modern and ancient examples. Geologia Sudetica 12, 79-92.

Whittaker, JG and Jaeggi, M.N.R. 1982: Origin of step-pool systems in mountain streams. Journal to the Hydraulics Division, American Society of Civil Engineers 108, 758-73.

Wiberg, P.L. and Smith J.D. 1987a: Calculations of the critical shear stress for motion of uniform and heterogeneous sediments. Water Resources Research 23, 1471-80. 1987b: Initial motion of coarse sediment in streams of high gradient. Proceedings of the Corvallis Symposium, IAHS Publication No. 165, 299-308.

Wilcock, P.R. 1988; Methods for estimating the critical shear stress of individual fractions in mixed-size sediment. Water Resources Research 24, 1127-35.

Yalin, M.S. 1977: Mechanics of sediment transport., 2nd Edition, Oxford: Pergamon Press .

Yalin, M.S. and Karahan, E.M. 1979: Inception of sediment transport. Journal of the Hydraulics Division, American Society of Civil Engineers 195, 1433-43.