Persistence and change in the relationship between anthropology and human geography

Anon 1970: Herbert John Fleure, 1877-1969. Bibliographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society 16, 253-78.

Ackerman, E. 1963: Where is a research frontier? Annals of the Association of American Geographers 53, 429-40.

Ackerman, E.A. 1965: The science of geography. Washington DC: National Academy of Sciences, National Research Council, Publication No. 1277.

Ardener, E. 1971: The new anthropology and its critics. Man 6, 449-67.

Ardener, S. editor, 1981: Women and space: ground rules and social maps. London: Croom Helm.

Banaji, J. 1970: The crisis of British anthropology. New Left Review 64, 71-85.

Banton, M. 1957: West African city: a study of tribal life in Freetown . London: Oxford University Press , for the International African Institute.

Barnard, A. and Good, A. editors, 1984: Research practices in the study of kinship. ASA Research Methods in Social Anthropology 2. London: Academic Press.

Barrows, H. 1923: Geography as human ecology. Annals of the American Association of Geographers 13, 1-14.

Barth, F. 1956: Ecological relationships of ethnic groups in Swat, North Pakistan. American Anthropologist 58, 1079-89.

editor , 1969: Ethnic groups and boundaries. London: George Allen and Unwin.

Bayliss-Smith, T.P. and Feachem, R.G. 1977: Subsistence and survival. London : Academic Press.

Beck, B.E.F. 1976: Centers and boundaries of regional caste systems: toward a general model. In Smith, C.A. , editor, 1976c.

Benedict, B. 1966: Sociological characteristics of small territories and their implications for economic development. In Banton, M. , editor, The social anthropology of complex societies, Association of Social Anthropologists, Monograph 4, London : Tavistock.

Bennett, C.F. 1976: Cultural diversity in central America and Panama: its relationship to conservation and planning. Revista Biologica Tropical 24, 5-12.

Bennett, J.W. 1975: Ecosystem analogies in cultural ecology. In Polgar, S. Population, ecology and social evolution, The Hague, Mouton.

1976 : The ecological transition. Cultural anthropology and human adaptation. Pergamon International Library, Frontiers of Anthropology series . New York: Pergamon.

Bird, J.H. 1973: Desiderata for a definition: or is geography what geographers do? Area 5, 201-3.

Blanton, R.E. 1976: Anthropological studies of cities. Annual Review of Anthropology 5, 249-64.

Blaut, J.M. 1980: A radical critique of cultural geography. Antipode 12, 25-29.

Boas, F. 1884: A journey in Cumberland sound and on the west shore of Davis Strait in 1883 and 1884. Journal of the American Geographical Society 16, 242-72. 1885: Baffin-Land: Geographische Ergebnisse einer in den Jahren 1883 und 1884 ausgefuhrten Forschungsreise. Petermanns Mitteilungen 80, Justus Perthes.

1887 : The study of geography. In Race, language and culture. New York: Macmillan .

Bohannan, P. and Bohannan, L. 1968: Tiv economy. London: Longmans and Green.

Bourdieu, P. 1977: Outline of a theory of practice. Cambridge Studies in Social Anthropology 16. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Braukämper, U. 1979: Ethnology in West Germany Today. RAIN, Royal Anthropological Institute News 33, 6-8.

Breton, R.J. 1976: Atlas géographique des langues et des ethnies de l'Inde et du subcontinent. Québec: Les Presses de l'Université Laval.

Brody, H. 1983: Maps and dreams: Indians of the British Columbia frontier . Harmondsworth: Penguin .

Bromley, Y. , 1974: Soviet ethnology and anthropology today. The Hague, Paris: Mouton.

Brookfield, H.C. 1962: Geography and anthropology. Pacific Viewpoint 1, 11-16. 1964: Questions on the human frontiers of geography. Economic Geography 40, 283-303.

editor , 1969: Pacific market-places: a collection of essays. Canberra : Australian National University.

1972: Intensification and disintensification: a theoretical approach. Pacific Viewpoint 13, 30-48.

1975 : Interdependent development. London: Methuen.

Brookfield, H.C. and Brown, P. 1963: Struggle for land: agriculture and group territories among the Chimbu of the New Guinea highlands. Melbourne : Oxford University Press.

Brookfield, H.C. and Hart, D. 1971: Melanesia: a geographical interpretation of an island world. London: Methuen.

Brown, P. 1962: Anthropology and geography. Pacific Viewpoint 1, 7-11.

Brown, P. and Brookfield, H.C. 1967: Chimbu settlement and residence: a study of patterns, trends and idiosyncrasy. Pacific Viewpoint 8, 119-51.

Bruk, S.I. and Apenchenko, V.S. editors, 1964: Atlas Naradov Mira. Moscow: Glavnoye Upravleniye Geodezii i Kartografii Gosudorstvennogo Geologicheskogo Komiteta SSSR, Institut Etnografii im N. N. Miklukho-Maklaya Akademii Nauk SSSR.

Burt, R.S. 1980: Models of network structure. Annual Review of Sociology 6, 79-141.

Canfield, R.L. 1973: The ecology of rural ethnic groups and the spatial dimensions of power. American Anthropologist 75, 1511-28.

Carlstein, T. 1982: Time, resources, society and ecology. London: Allen and Unwin.

Clammer, J. 1984: Approaches to ethnographic research. In Ellen, R.F. , editor, 1984b.

Clarke, D.L. editor, 1972: Models in archaeology. London: Methuen .

editor , 1977: Spatial archaeology. London: Academic Press.

Clarke, W.C. 1966: From extensive to intensive shifting cultivation: a succession from New Guinea. Ethnology 5, 347-59.

1971 : Place and people. Los Angeles: University of California Press.

Close, C.F. 1911: The position of geography. Geographical Journal 38, 404-13.

Conant, F.P. 1978: The use of Landsat data in studies of human ecology . Current Anthropology 19, 382-4.

1984 : Remote sensing, discovery, and generalizations in human ecology . In Moran, E. , editor, The ecosystem concept in anthropology, AAAS Selected Symposia Series 92, Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press.

Conklin, H.C. 1954: An ethnoecological approach to shifting agriculture . Transactions of the New York Academy of Sciences 17, 133-42.

1968: Some aspects of ethnographic research in Ifugao. Transactions of the New York Academy of Sciences, Series II 30, 99-121.

1980 : Ethnographic atlas of Ifugao: a study of environment, culture and society in northern Luzon. New Haven: Yale University Press.

Coon, C. 1952: Caravan: the story of the Middle East. London: Jonathan Cape.

Crick, M. 1982: Anthropological field research, meaning creation and knowledge construction. In Parkin, D. , editor, Semantic anthropology, ASA Monograph 22, London: Academic Press.

Crick, M.R. 1982: Anthropology of knowledge. Annual Review of Anthropology 11, 287-313, Annual Reviews.

Crissman, L.W. 1976: Specific central-place models for an evolving system of market towns on the Changkua plain, Taiwan. In Smith, C.A. , editor, 1976b.

Crumley, C.L. 1976: Towards a locational definition of state systems . American Anthropologist 78, 59-73.

Davis, J. 1985: A background note on Gtree. Bulletin of Information on Computing and Anthropology 3, 16-20, University of Kent.

Demangeon, A. 1947: Problèmes de géographie humaine. Paris : Colin.

Denevan, W.M. 1983: Adaptation, variation and cultural geography. The Professional Geographer 35, 399-406.

Dickinson, R.E. 1969: The makers of modern geography. London and Henley: Routledge and Kegan Paul.

Douglas, M. 1972: Symbolic orders in the use of domestic space. Ucko, P.J. , Tringham, R. and Dimbleby, G.W. , editors, Man, settlement and urbanism, London: Duckworth.

1972 : Environments at risk. In Benthall, J. , editor, Ecology in theory and practice, New York: Viking Press.

Dove, M.R. 1985: Swidden agriculture in Indonesia: the subsistence strategies of the Kalimantan Kantu'. Berlin, New York, Amsterdam: Mouton .

Downs, R. 1970: Geographic space perception: past approaches and future prospects. Progress in Geography 2, 65-108.

Driver, H.E. 1962: The contribution of A.L. Kroeber to culture area theory and practice. International Journal of American Linguistics , Supplement, 28.

Driver, H.E. and Massey, W.C. 1957: Comparative studies of North American Indians. Transactions of the American Philosophical Society 47, 165-456.

Duncan, J.S. 1980: The superorganic in American cultural geography . Annals of the Association of American Geographers 70, 181-98.

Duncan, J.S. and Ley, D. 1982: Structural marxism and human geography: a critical assessment . Annals of the Association of American Geographers 72, 30-59.

Ellen, R.F. 1976: The development of anthropology and colonial policy in The Netherlands. 1800-1960. Journal of the History of the Behavioural Sciences 12, 303-24.

1978 : Nuaulu settlement and ecology. The environmental relations of an eastern Indonesian community. Verhandelingen van het Koninklijk Instituut voor Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde 83. The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff.

1978b: The contribution of H.O. Forbes to Indonesian ethnography. A biographical and bibliographical note. Archipel 15, 135-59.

1979 : Sago subsistence and the trade in spices. A provisional model of ecological succession and imbalance in Moluccan history. In Burnham, P. and Ellen, R.F. , editors, Social and ecological systems, ASA Monographs in social anthropology 18, London: Academic Press.

1982 a: Environment, subsistence and system. The ecology of small-scale social formations. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

1982b: Review of 'Ethnographic atlas of Ifugao', by Harold C. Conklin. Man 17, 170-171.

1984 a: Trade, environment and the reproduction of local systems in the Moluccas. In Moran, E.F. , editor, 1984, 163-204.

editor, 1984b: Ethnographic research: a guide to general conduct. ASA Research Methods in Social Anthropology 1. London: Academic Press.

1987 : Environmental perturbation, interisland trade and the relocation of production along the Banda arc; or, why central places remain central. In Suzuki, T. and Ohtsuka, R. , editors, Human ecology of health and survival in Asia and the South Pacific, Tokyo: University of Tokyo Press.

Entriken, N. 1980: Robert Park's human ecology and human geography . Annals of the Association of American Geographers 70, 43-58.

Febvre, L. 1925: A geographical introduction to history. Second edition. London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner.

Fleure, H.J. 1919: Human regions. Scottish geographical magazine 35, 94-105.

1927 : The races of mankind. London: Benn.

Forde, C.D. 1925: Values in human geography. The Geographical Teacher 13, 216-21.

1934 : Habitat, economy and society. A geographical introduction to ethnology. London: Methuen.

1937: Land and labour in a Cross river village in southern Nigeria . Geographical Journal 90, 24-51.

1953: The cultural map of West Africa: successive adaptations to tropical forests and grasslands. Transactions of the New York Academy of Sciences 15, 206-19.

Fortes, M. , Steel, R.W. and Ady, P. 1947: Ashanti survey 1945-46: an experiment in social research . Geographical Journal 110, 149-79.

Fosberg, F.R. editor, 1963: Man's place in the island ecosystem. Honolulu: Bishop Museum Press.

Fox, R.G. 1976: Lineage cells and regional definition in complex societies . In Smith, C.A. , editor, 1976c.

Frake, C.O. 1962: Cultural ecology and ethnography. American Anthropologist 64. 53-59.

1985: Cognitive maps of time and tide among medieval seafarers . Man 20, 254-70.

Gaspar, J. 1985: Portuguese human geography: from origins to recent developments . Progress in Human Geography 9, 315-30.

Geertz, C. 1963: Agricultural involution, the process of ecological change in Indonesia. Berkeley: University of California Press.

Geiger, P. and Weiss, R. editors, 1950: Atlas der schweizerischen Volkskunde . Basel: Schweizerische Gesellschaft für Volkskunde.

Gell, A. 1982: The market wheel: symbolic aspects of an Indian tribal market. Man 17, 470-91.

1985: How to read a map: remarks on the practical logic of navigation . Man 20, 271-86.

Gerholm, T. and Hannerz, U. 1982: The shaping of national anthropologies. Ethnos 1-2, Etnografiska Museet.

Gilbert, J.P. and Hammel, E.A. 1966: Computer simulation and analysis of problems in kinship and social structure. American Anthropologist 68, 71-93.

Glacken, C.T. 1967: Traces on the Rhodian shore: nature and culture in western thought from ancient times to the end of the eighteenth century . Berkeley: University of California Press.

Gladwin, T. 1970: East is a big bird: navigation and logic on Pulawat Atoll . Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press.

Gluckman, M. editor, 1964: Closed systems and open minds. Edinburgh: Oliver and Boyd.

Goldschmidt, W. et al. 1965: Variation and adaptation of culture: a symposium . American Anthropologist 67, 400-47.

Goody, J. 1976: Production and reproduction: a comparative study of the domestic domain. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Gould, P.R. 1979: 1957-1977: the Augean period. Annals of the Association of American Geographers 69, 139-51.

Green, D. and Haselgrove, C. 1978: Some problems in cross-disciplinary communication as viewed from archaeology and geography. In Social organisation and settlement: contributions from anthropology, archaeology and geography, BAR International Series (Suppl.) 47, Oxford: British Archaeological Reports.

Gregory, D.J. 1976: Rethinking historical geography. Area 8, 295-99.

Gregory, D. and Urry, J. editors, 1985: Social relations and spatial structures. London: Macmillan.

Grossman, L. 1977: Man-environmental relationships in anthropology and geography . Annals of the Association of American Geographers 67, 126-44.

1981: The cultural ecology of economic development. Annals of the Association of American Geographers 71, 220-36.

Guelke, L. 1971: Problems of scientific explanation in geography . Canadian Geographer 15, 38-53.

Hägerstrand, T. 1963: Geographic measurements of migration: Swedish data . In Sutter, J. , editor, Human displacements: measurement methodological aspects, Monaco.

1965: Aspects of the spatial structure of social communication and the diffusion of information. Regional Science Association, Papers and Proceedings 16.

Haggett, P. 1965: Locational analysis in human geography. London: Edward Arnold.

Haggett, P. and Chorley, R.J. 1969: Networks in human geography. London : Edward Arnold.

Hallowell, A.I. 1960: The beginnings of anthropology in America. In de Laguna, F. , editor, Selected papers from the American Anthropologist 1888-1920, Evanston : Row, Peterson.

Harpending, H. and Davis, H. 1977: Some implications for hunter-gatherer ecology derived from the spatial structure of resources. World Archaeology 8, 275-86.

Harris, D. 1969: Agricultural systems, ecosystems and the origins of agriculture . In Ucko, P.J. and Dimbleby, G.W. , editors, The domestication and exploitation of plants and animals, London: Duckworth.

1972 : Swidden systems and settlement. In Ucko, P.J. , Tringham, R. and Dimbleby, G.W. , editors, Man, settlement and urbanism, London: Duckworth.

1973 : The prehistory of tropical agriculture: an ethnoecological model. In Renfrew, C. , editor, The explanation of culture, London: Duckworth.

1977 : Settling down: an evolutionary model for the transformation of mobile bands into sedentary communities. In Friedman, J. and Rowlands, M.J. , editors, The evolution of social systems, London : Duckworth.

1980 : Human ecology in savannah environments. London: Academic Press.

Harvey, D. 1969: Explanation in geography. London : Edward Arnold.

1984: On the history and present condition of geography: an historical materialist manifesto. Professional Geographer 36, 1-11.

Heine-Geldern, R. 1964: One hundred years of ethnological theory in the German-speaking countries: some milestones. Current Anthropology 5, 407-18.

Hodder, I. 1977: The distribution of material culture items in the Baringo district, western Kenya. Man 12, 239-69.

editor , 1978a: The spatial organisation of culture. London: Duckworth.

1978 b: Some effects of distance on patterns of human interaction . In his The spatial organisation of culture, London: Duckworth.

1978 c: Simple correlations between material culture and society: a review. In his The spatial organisation of culture, London: Duckworth.

1982 a: The present past. London: Batsford.

1982 b: Symbols in action: ethnoarchaeological studies of material culture. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Hodder, I. and Hassall, M. 1971: The non-random spacing of Romano-British walled towns . Man 6, 391-407.

Hodder, I.R. and Orton, C. editors, 1976: Spatial analysis in archaeology . Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Hunter, J.H. 1967: The social roots of dispersed settlement. Annals of the Association of American Geographers 57, 338-49.

Hurst, M.E.E. 1985: Geography has neither existence nor future. In Johnston, R.J. , editor, The future of geography , London: Methuen.

Ingold, T. 1985: Who studies humanity? The scope of anthropology . Anthropology Today 1, 15-16.

1986 : Evolution and social life. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Jackson, J. 1976: Vaupés marriage: a network system in the northern Amazon . In Smith, C.A. , editor, 1976c.

Jackson, P. 1983: Principles and problems of participant observation . Geografiska Annaler 65B, 39-46.

1985: Urban ethnography. Progress in Human Geography 9, 157-76.

James, P.E. 1979: John Wesley Powell: 1834-1902. Geographers: Biobibliographical Studies 13, 117-24, Mansell .

Johnston, R.J. 1986: On human geography. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.

Jones, D. 1978: Implications of 'schooling' in economic anthropology for interpretations of the economic geography of non-industrialised societies . In Berry, B.J.L. , editor, The nature of change in geographical ideas, De Kalb: Northern Illinois University Press.

Kasakoff, A.B. and Adams, J.W. 1977: Spatial location and social organisation: an analysis of Tikopian patterns. Man 12, 48-64.

Klimek, S. and Milke, W. 1935: An analysis of the material culture of the Tupi peoples . American Anthropologist 38, 71-91.

Kniffen, F.B. 1962: Louisiana house types. In Wagner, P. and Mikesell, M. , editors, Readings in cultural geography, 1962.

Knight, C.G. 1971: Ethnogeography and change. Journal of Geography 70, 47-51. 1974: Ecology and change: rural modernization in an African community. New York: Academic Press.

Kroeber, A.L. 1931: The culture-area and age-area concepts of Clark Wissler . In Rice, S.A. , editor, Methods in social science, Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

1939 : Cultural and natural areas of native north America. University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 48, 1-242.

Lévi-Strauss, C. 1953: Social structure. In Kroeber, A.L. , editor, Anthropology today, Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

1969 : The elementary structures of kinship. London: Eyre and Spottiswoode.

Leach, E.R. 1954: Political systems of highland Burma. A study of Kachin social structure. London: Bell, for the London School of Economics.

Lebar, F.M. , Hickey, G.C. and Musgrave, J.K. 1964: Ethnic groups of mainland southeast Asia. New Haven: Human Relations Area Files.

Ley, D. 1985: Cultural/humanistic geography. Progress in Human Geography 9, 415-23.

Livingstone, D.N. 1984: The history of science and the history of geography: interactions and implications. History of Science 22, 271-302.

Lowenthal, D. 1961: Geography, experience and imagination: towards a geographical epistemology. Annals of the Association of American Geographers 51, 241-60.

Lowie, R.H. 1937: The history of ethnological thought. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.

Mair, L.P. 1972: An introduction to social anthropology. Second edition. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Marcus, G. and Cushman, D. 1982: Ethnographies as texts. Annual Review of Anthropology 11, 25-69.

Mason, O. 1985: Influence of environment upon human industries and arts. Annual Report of the Smithsonian Institution .

Mikesell, M.W. 1967: Geographic perspectives in anthropology. Annals of the Association of American Geographers 57, 617-34.

1969 : The borderlands of geography as a social science. In Sherif, M. and Sherif, C.W. , editors, Interdisciplinary relationships in the social sciences, Chicago: Aldine .

1970 : Cultural ecology. In Bacon, P. , editor, Focus on geography, Washington DC: National Council for the Social Studies.

Mitchell, J.C. editor, 1969: Social networks in urban situations. Analysis of personal relations in Central African towns. Manchester: Manchester University Press for Institute for Social Research , University of Zambia.

1974 : Perceptions of ethnicity and ethnic behaviour. In Cohen, A. , editor, Urban ethnicity, London: Tavistock.

1979 : Networks, algorithms and analysis. In Holland, P.W. and Leinhardst, S. , editors, Perspectives on social network research, London: Academic Press.

1983: The logic of the analysis of social situations and cases . Sociological Review 31, 187-211.

1984 : Social network data. In Ellen, R.F. , editor, 1984b, 267-72.

Mitchell, J.K. 1974: Natural hazards research. In Manners, I.R. and Mikesell, M.W., editors, Perspectives on environment, Washington DC: Association for American Geography.

Moerman, M. 1968: Being Lue: uses and abuses of ethnic identification . In Helm, J., editor, Essays on the problem of the tribe, Proceedings of the 1967 Annual Spring Meeting of the American Ethnological Society.

Moore, H.L. 1986: Space, text and gender: an anthropological study of the Marakwet of Kenya. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Moran, E.F. editor, 1984: The ecosystem concept in anthropology. AAAS Selected Symposium 92. Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press.

Morren, G.E.B. 1985: Human ecology in a Papua New Guinea Society. Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Research Press.

Naroll, R. and Cohen, R. editors, 1973: A handbook of method in cultural anthropology. New York: Columbia University Press.

Nash, M. 1966: Primitive and peasant economic systems. San Francisco: Chandler.

Needham, R. 1970: The future of social anthropology: disintegration or metamorphosis ? In Anniversary contributions to anthropology: twelve essays, Published on the occasion of the 40th anniversary of the Leiden Ethnological Society WDO, Leiden: E.J. Brill .

Netting, R.M. 1968: Hill farmers of Nigeria: the cultural ecology of the Kofyar of the Jos plateau. Seattle: University of Washington Press.

Newson, L. 1976: Cultural evolution: a basic concept for human and historical geography. Journal of Historical Geography 2, 239-55.

1976 : Aboriginal and Spanish colonial Trinidad: a study in culture-contact . London: Academic Press.

1978 : The law of cultural dominance and the colonial experience . In Green, D. , Haselgrove, C. and Spriggs, M. , editors, 1978.

Nietschmann, B. 1973: Between land and water: the subsistence ecology of the Miskito Indians, eastern Nicaragua. New York: Seminar Press.

Olsson, G. 1974: The dialectics of spatial analysis. Antipode 6, 50-62.

Orlove, B.S. 1980: Ecological anthropology. Annual Review of Anthropology 9, 235-73.

Pattison, W. 1964: The four traditions of geography. Journal of Geography 13, 211-16.

Penniman, T.K. 1965: A hundred years of anthropology. Second edition. London: Duckworth.

Peschel, O. 1876: The races of man and their geographical distribution . Second edition. London: H.S. King .

Peterson, N. 1976: The natural and cultural areas of aboriginal Australia: a preliminary analysis of population groupings with adaptive significance . In Peterson, N., editor, Tribes and boundaries in Australia, Canberra: Institute of Aboriginal Studies.

Plattner, S.M. 1976: Periodic trade in developing areas without markets . In Smith, C.A. , editor, 1976.

Porteous, J.D. 1985: Smellscape. Progress in Human Geography 9, 356-78.

Rappaport, R. 1967: Pigs for the ancestors: ritual in the ecology of a New Guinea prople. New Haven: Yale University Press.

Reason, D. 1977: The Red Queen's estate; or grounds for interdisciplinarity . Studies in Higher Education 2, 203-9.

Relph, E. 1970: An enquiry into the relation between phenomenology and geography. Canadian Geographer 14, 193-207.

1976 : Place and placelessness. London: Pion.

Renfrew, C. 1969: Review of P. Haggett 'Locational analysis in human geography' and R.J. Chorley and P. Haggett editors, 'Models in geography'. Antiquity 43, 74-75.

Richards, P. 1978: Environment, settlement and state formation in pre-colonial Nigeria. In Green, D. , Haselgrove, C. and Spriggs, M. , editors, 1978. Oxford: British Archaeological Reports.

1984: Spatial organization as a theme in African studies. Progress in Human Geography 8, 551-61.

Robinson, B.S. 1977: Some fragmented forms of space. Annals of the Association of American Geographers 67, 549-63.

Rowntree, L.B. and Conkey, M.W. 1980: Symbolism and the cultural landscape. Annals of the Association of American Geographers 70, 459-74.

Ruddle, K. , Johnson, D. , Townsend, P.K. and Rees, J.D. 1978: Palm sago: a tropical starch from marginal lands . Honolulu: University Press of Hawaii.

Sahlins, M.D. 1972: Stone age economics. Chicago : Aldine Atherton.

Sahlins, M.D. and Service, E.R. 1960: Evolution and culture. Ann Arbor : Michigan University Press.

Salamone, F. 1979: Epistemological implications of fieldwork and their consequences . American Anthropologist 81, 46-60.

Sauer, C.O. 1925: The morphology of landscape. University of California Publications in Geography 2, 19-53.

Sayer, A. 1979: Epistemology and conceptions of people and nature in geography . Geoforum 10, 19-44.

1981: Abstraction: a realist intepretation. Radical Philosophy 28, 6-15.

Schaefer, F.K. 1953: Exceptionalism in geography: a methodological examination . Annals of the Association of American Geographers 43, 226-49.

Skinner, G.W. 1964-65: Marketing and social structure in rural China . Journal of Asian Studies 24, 3-43; 195-288, 363-99.

Slater, D. 1975: The poverty of modern geographical enquiry. Pacific Viewpoint 16, 159-76.

Smith, C.A. 1975: Examining stratification systems through peasant marketing arrangements. Man 10, 95-122.

1975 : Production in western Guatemala a test of Boserup and Von Thunen. In Plattner, S.M. , editor, Formal methods in economic anthropology, Washington DC : American Anthropological Association.

1976 a: Exchange systems and spatial distribution of elites: the organization of stratification in agrarian societies. In her Regional analysis. Vol. 2. Social systems. New York: Academic Press.

editor, 1976b: Regional analysis. Vol. 1. Economic systems. New York: Academic Press.

editor, 1976c: Regional analysis. Vol. 2. Social systems. New York: Academic Press.

1985: Methods for analysing periodic market-places as elements in regional trading systems. Research in Economic Anthropology 7, 291-338.

Smith, C.C.D. 1972: Late neolithic settlement, land-use and 'garigue' in the Montpellier region, France. Man 7, 397-407.

Smith, M.G. 1969: Foreword. In Douglas, M. and Kaberry, P. , editors, Man in Africa, London: Tavistock .

Smith, N. 1979: Geography, science and post-positivist modes of explanation . Progress in Human Geography 3, 356-83.

Smole, W.J. 1976: The Yanoaina Indians: a cultural geography. Austin: University of Texas Press.

Soja, E. 1980: The socio-spatial dialectic. Annals of the Association of American Geographers 70, 207-25.

1985 : The spatiality of social life: towards a transformative retheorization . In Gregory, D. and Urry, J. , editors, 1985.

Sorenson, E.R. 1972: Socio-ecological change among the Fore of New Guinea . Current Anthropology 13, 359-72.

Spate, O.H.K. 1968: Environmentalism. International Encyclopaedia of the Social Sciences 5, 93-7.

Spier, R.F.G. 1970: Surveying and mapping: a manual of simplified techniques . New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston .

Spoehr, A. 1966: The part and the whole: reflections on the study of a region (Oceania). American Anthropologist 68, 629-40.

Steward, J. and Murphy, R.F. 1977: The concept and method of cultural ecology. In Evolution and ecology. Essays on social transformation. Urbana: University of Illinois Press.

Stewart, O.C. 1954: The forgotten side of ethnogeography. In Spencer, R.F. , editor, Methods and perspectives in anthropology: papers in honour of Wilson D. Wallis: Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.

Stocking, G. 1965: From physics to ethnology: Franz Boas' Arctic expedition as a problem in the historiography of the behavioural sciences. Journal of the History of the Behavioural Sciences 1, 53-66.

Stoddart, D.R. 1967: Organism and ecosystem as geographical models. In Chorley, R.J. and Haggett, P. , editors, Models in geography, London: Methuen.

Sturtevant, W.C. 1964: Studies in ethnoscience. American Anthropologist 66, 99-131.

Thomas, W.L. , Sauer, C.O. , Bates, M. and Mumford, L. editors, 1956: Man's role in changing the face of the earth. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Thornton, R.J. 1980: Space, time and culture among the Iraqw of Tanzania . New York: Academic Press.

Trindell, R.T. 1969: Franz Boas and American geography. The Professional Geographer 21, 328-32.

Tuan Yi-Fu 1974: Topophilia: a study of environmental perception, attitudes and values Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice Hall.

1977 : Space and place. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.

Turner, V. 1975: Symbolic studies. Annual Review of Anthropology 4, 145-61.

Urry, J. 1984: A history of field methods. In Ellen, R.F. , editor, 1984b.

Vayda, A.P. and Rappaport, R.A. 1968: Ecology: cultural and non-cultural. In Clifton, J. , editor, Introduction to cultural anthropology, Boston: Houghton Mifflin .

Vayda, A.P. and McCay, B.J. 1975: New directions in ecology and ecological anthropology . Annual Review of Anthropology 4, 293-306.

Vidal de la Blache, P. 1902: Les conditions géographiques des faits sociaux . Annales de Geographie 11, 13-23.

1911: Les genres de vie dans la géographie humaine. Annales de Géographie 20, 193-212, 289-304.

Vogt, E.Z. editor, 1974: Aerial photography in anthropological field research. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press.

Waddell, E. 1972: The mound builders: agricultural practices, environment and society in the central highlands of New Guinea. Seattle : University of Washington Press.

Wagner, P. and Mikesell, M. 1962: General introduction: the themes of cultural geography . In their Readings in cultural geography, Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Watanabe, H. 1977: Human activity system: its spatiotemporal structure . Tokyo: University of Tokyo Press .

Watts, M. 1983: Silent violence. Berkeley: University of California Press.

Webster, E.M. 1984: The moon man: a biography of Nikolai Miklouho-Maclay . Berkeley: University of California Press.

Weiss, R. 1952: Kulturgrenzen und ihre Bestimmung durk Volkskundliche . Studium Generale 5, 363-73.

1962 : Cultural boundaries and the ethnographic map. In Wagner, P. and Mikesell, M.W. , editors, 1962.

Werbner, R.P. editor, 1977: Regional cults. Association of Social Anthropologists, Monograph 16. London: Academic Press.

White, G.F. 1973: Natural hazards research. In Chorley, R.J. editor, Directions in geography , London: Methuen.

Williams, S. 1982: Realism, marxism and human geography. Antipode 13, 31-38.

Wissler, C. 1926: The relation of nature to man in aboriginal America . New York: Oxford University Press .

Worsley, P. 1970: The end of anthropology? Transactions of the sixth world congress of sociology 3, 121-29.

Yengoyan, A. 1968: Demographic and ecological influences on Aboriginal Australian marriage sections. In Lee, R.B. and DeVore, I. , editors, Man the hunter, Chicago: Aldine .