Abstract
In this article I offer a reading of the Book of the Twelve as a literary collage. As such the Twelve does not contain data for constructing a prophetic past but is itself a construction of prophecy from Assyrian to Persian times. Recognizing the composite character of the text, my reading acknowledges the role of the reader in configuring it. The individuals from Hosea through Zephaniah can only be recognized as pro phets from the later time of Zechariah, depicted in the book as the Persian period. Furthermore, in this configuration prophecy is replaced by the restoration of a messenger/angelic presence as in the days of the ancestor Jacob.
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