The biblical references to the Philistines do not contain any memory of early Iron I
events or cultural behaviour. A few texts, such as the Ark Narrative and stories
reflecting the importance of Gath, seem to portray late Iron I and early Iron II
memories. Most of the Philistine material, even if historically stratified and
containing seeds of early tales as well as evidence for more than one redaction, is
based on the geographical, historical and ideological background of late-monarchic
times. Especially important are the allusions to Greek and west Anatolian
mercenaries who served in the Saite army and were probably stationed, among other
places, in Philistia. Chief among them were Carian, Ionian, Lydian and apparently
also Cretan hoplites. This article highlights the following issues: the Philistine
seranim, the pentapolis, Goliath’s armour, the Cherethites and
the Pelethites and the origin of the Philistines.
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